Zanthoxylum Species: A Review of Traditional Uses, Phytochemistry and Pharmacology in Relation to Cancer, Infectious Diseases and Sickle Cell Anemia

Okagu, Innocent Uzochukwu; Ndefo, Joseph Chinedum; Aham, Emmanuel Chigozie; Udenigwe, Chibuike C.

doi:10.3389/fphar.2021.713090

Cited by 30 publications

(14 citation statements)

References 136 publications

(158 reference statements)

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“…In this scenario, currently available antibiotic treatments often have limited or no efficacy, and novel therapeutic approaches need to be investigated. Efforts are now focusing on natural products, considered extremely interesting and promising for the preparation of pharmacological formulations and nutraceuticals ( Sessa et al, 2015 ; Sharifi-Rad et al, 2020 ; Okagu et al, 2021 ; Oliveira et al, 2021 ). Recently, the interest in nutraceuticals is growing as most of them possess multiple therapeutic properties, including antimicrobial, antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, and anticancer activities ( Di Pietro et al, 2013 ; Sessa et al, 2017a ; Sessa et al, 2017b ; Filardo et al, 2020 ; Mattioli et al, 2020 ; Ayatollahi et al, 2021 ).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Extra Virgin Olive Oil-Based Green Formulations With Promising Antimicrobial Activity Against Drug-Resistant Isolates

et al. 2022

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Extra virgin olive oil (EVOO) from Olea europaea L. drupes, a cornerstone in the Mediterranean diet, is well known for its nutritional and health properties, especially for prevention of cardiovascular diseases and metabolic disorders. Traditionally, beneficial health effects have been largely attributed to the high concentration of monounsaturated fatty acids, and in recent years, these have also been related to other components including oleacein and oleocanthal. Here, we evaluated, for the first time, the antimicrobial activity of different green extra virgin olive oil-based formulations in natural deep eutectic solvents (NaDESs) emerging as powerful and biocompatible solvents. Specifically, the antimicrobial activity of the EVOO extract, as well as purified oleocanthal and oleacein in two NaDESs (choline/glycerol and choline/propylene glycol), against several drug-resistant clinical isolates and standard microbial strains has been evaluated. The main result was the inhibitory activity of the EVOO extract in choline/glycerol as well as oleacein in choline/propylene glycol toward drug-resistant Gram-positive and -negative strains. Specifically, the EVOO extract in choline/glycerol showed the highest antibacterial activity against several clinical strains of Staphylococcus aureus, whereas oleacein in choline/propylene glycol was the most effective toward various clinical strains of Escherichia coli, Pseudomonas aeruginosa, and Klebsiella pneumoniae. In addition, all the formulations tested were effective against Candida spp. In conclusion, our results suggest EVOO-based formulations in NaDESs as an interesting strategy that may help in reducing the risk of development of drug resistance. Under this perspective, the usage of NaDESs for the preparation of new antimicrobial formulations may represent a promising approach.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Extra Virgin Olive Oil-Based Green Formulations With Promising Antimicrobial Activity Against Drug-Resistant Isolates

et al. 2022

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“…Correlation analysis and hierarchical cluster heatmap analysis (HCA) were performed using the online software "Wu Kong" platform. 2 Principal component analysis (PCA), orthogonal projections to latent structures discriminant analysis (OPLS-DA), and redundancy analysis (RDA) were performed using the OmicShare tools online platform. 3 The column chart was illustrated using Origin2021 (Originlab, MA, United States).…”

Section: Statistical Analysesmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Z. bungeanum originated in East Asia and is now widely cultivated in China, Japan, South Korea, and Southeast Asian countries ( 1 ). As the main product, the peel of Z. bungeanum is an indispensable condiment in Chinese cuisine ( 1 ) and an important traditional Chinese herb with various therapeutic effects ( 2 ). The Z. bungeanum leaves are another important product of Z. bungeanum .…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

UPLC-MS/MS Profile Combined With RNA-Seq Reveals the Amino Acid Metabolism in Zanthoxylum bungeanum Leaves Under Drought Stress

Hong

Fei²,

He³

et al. 2022

Front. Nutr.

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Zanthoxylum bungeanum leaves have a unique taste and incomparable nutritional value and hence are popular as a food item and traditional medicine in China. However, the studies on the metabolites in Z. bungeanum leaves are quite limited, especially for amino acids. Therefore, this study explored the amino acid component in Z. bungeanum leaves and also the accumulation mechanism under drought stress in two Z. bungeanum cultivars using the widely targeted metabolome combined with transcriptome analysis. A total of 56 amino acids and their derivatives were identified in Z. bungeanum leaves, including eight essential amino acids. The total amino acid content with most individual amino acids increased under progressive drought stress. More differentially accumulated amino acids (DAAs) and differentially expressed genes (DEGs) were found in FJ (Z. bungeanum cv. ‘Fengjiao’) than in HJ (Z. bungeanum cv. ‘Hanjiao’). The orthogonal projections to latent structures discriminant analysis identified nine and seven indicator DAAs in FJ and HJ leaves, respectively. The weighted gene co-expression network analysis (WGCNA) showed that the green module was significantly correlated with most indicator DAAs and revealed the important role of FBA3, DELTA-OAT, PROC, and 15 transcription factor genes in regulating the amino acid synthesis. Furthermore, the correlation analysis and redundancy analysis (RDA) identified four candidate synthesis genes (ASNS, AK, ASPS, and PK) in amino acid biosynthesis pathway. This study provided useful information for the development of Z. bungeanum leaves in food and nutrition industry and also laid the foundations for future molecular breeding.

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“…In experimental animals, lectins impair host resistance to infection, induce failure to flourish, and even cause death [ 216 ]. In addition to organ toxicities [ 217 ] and gastrointestinal tract discomfort [ 218 ], a number of these plants and their chemicals induce genotoxicity, which could result in carcinogenesis [ 219 ]. Similarly, a marine glycoprotein known as shrimp tropomyosin was demonstrated to induce serious allergic reaction in an animal model, which can be abolished by glycation [ 220 ] It is therefore important to be cautious in selecting only natural products which are validated to be safe and patients are not allergic to, as the consumption of natural products whose safety is not substantiated could pose risks to human health.…”

Section: Safety Concerns Of Applying Some Natural Products For Clinic...mentioning

confidence: 99%

A Review on the Molecular Mechanisms of Action of Natural Products in Preventing Bone Diseases

Okagu

Ezeorba

Aguchem

et al. 2022

IJMS

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The drugs used for treating bone diseases (BDs), at present, elicit hazardous side effects that include certain types of cancers and strokes, hence the ongoing quest for the discovery of alternatives with little or no side effects. Natural products (NPs), mainly of plant origin, have shown compelling promise in the treatments of BDs, with little or no side effects. However, the paucity in knowledge of the mechanisms behind their activities on bone remodeling has remained a hindrance to NPs’ adoption. This review discusses the pathological development of some BDs, the NP-targeted components, and the actions exerted on bone remodeling signaling pathways (e.g., Receptor Activator of Nuclear Factor κ B-ligand (RANKL)/monocyte/macrophage colony-stimulating factor (M-CSF)/osteoprotegerin (OPG), mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK)s/c-Jun N-terminal kinase (JNK)/nuclear factor kappa-light-chain-enhancer of activated B cells (NF-κB), Kelch-like ECH-associated protein 1 (Keap-1)/nuclear factor erythroid 2–related factor 2 (Nrf2)/Heme Oxygenase-1 (HO-1), Bone Morphogenetic Protein 2 (BMP2)-Wnt/β-catenin, PhosphatidylInositol 3-Kinase (PI3K)/protein kinase B (Akt)/Glycogen Synthase Kinase 3 Beta (GSK3β), and other signaling pathways). Although majority of the studies on the osteoprotective properties of NPs against BDs were conducted ex vivo and mostly on animals, the use of NPs for treating human BDs and the prospects for future development remain promising.

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Zanthoxylum Species: A Review of Traditional Uses, Phytochemistry and Pharmacology in Relation to Cancer, Infectious Diseases and Sickle Cell Anemia

Cited by 30 publications

References 136 publications

Extra Virgin Olive Oil-Based Green Formulations With Promising Antimicrobial Activity Against Drug-Resistant Isolates

Extra Virgin Olive Oil-Based Green Formulations With Promising Antimicrobial Activity Against Drug-Resistant Isolates

UPLC-MS/MS Profile Combined With RNA-Seq Reveals the Amino Acid Metabolism in Zanthoxylum bungeanum Leaves Under Drought Stress

A Review on the Molecular Mechanisms of Action of Natural Products in Preventing Bone Diseases

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