Zachowania konsumentów w czasie pandemii COVID-19

Abstract

Artykuł ma charakter empiryczny
 i zawiera przegląd literatury oraz wyniki badań własnych na temat zachowań
 konsumentów w czasie pandemii COVID-19. Celem artykułu jest diagnoza skali i
 kierunków zmian polskich konsumentów w zakresie nabywania, użytkowania i
 pozbywania się produktów. Badania przeprowadzono na kwotowo wybranej próbie 750
 respondentów dobranych ze względu na wiek, płeć i wykształcenie. Badania
 potwierdzają światowe trendy zachowań konsumenckich w zakresie paniki zakupowej
 we wstępnej fazie kryzysu, ograniczenia wydatków na niektóre kategorie
 asortymentowe (odzież, obuwie) czy też wzrost zakupów internetowych. Pokazują
 też odrębność polskich konsumentów odnośnie do asortymentów nabywanych przez
 Internet czy też planów zakupowych w okresie po pandemii. Analiza wyników wskazuje
 zależności między obawami przed koronawirusem a miejscem nabywania produktów
 oraz skłonnością do odkładania zakupów na przyszłość.

Impact of the COVID-19 Pandemic on Changes in Consumer Purchasing Behavior in the Food Market with a Focus on Meat and Meat Products—A Comprehensive Literature Review

“…No statistically significant differences were observed across age groups ( p > 0.05). Similar results were obtained by Chlipala and Żbikowska [ 129 ] in a survey of 750 respondents in Poland, where 59.7% of participants indicated that they purchased as much meat and cold cuts as before the pandemic. Only 23.3% reported buying less of these products, while 10.3% increased their purchases of meat and cold cuts [ 129 ].…”

“…Similar results were obtained by Chlipala and Żbikowska [ 129 ] in a survey of 750 respondents in Poland, where 59.7% of participants indicated that they purchased as much meat and cold cuts as before the pandemic. Only 23.3% reported buying less of these products, while 10.3% increased their purchases of meat and cold cuts [ 129 ]. In a survey of 1048 South Carolina consumers conducted in November 2020, Richards and Vassalos [ 46 ] found that the majority (58%) did not alter their local meat (products that are farm-raised in South Carolina within 200 miles of the customer’s home or produced in North Carolina and Georgia within a short distance from the South Carolina border) consumption habits.…”

Students’ Food Consumption Behavior during COVID-19 Lockdown

“…The largest group of people (43%) who reduced their visits to stationary shops for grocery shopping as a result of the pandemic were customers aged 25-39. In contrast, research by P. Chlipała and A. Żbikowska [87] shows that in Poland, a small proportion of consumers, during the COVID-19 pandemic, bought food online, while a significant group of consumers (over 40%) sourced their groceries from shops near their place of residence. In addition, the frequency of grocery shopping increased during this period.…”

“…Changes in food consumption in Poland do not fully coincide with changes observed in other countries. Research conducted in Poland shows that, during the COVID-19 pandemic, changes in purchase volumes can be considered insignificant [87]. However, it is worth noting that about one-fourth of Polish consumers declared that more fruit and vegetables were purchased in their households.…”

“…According to the students' responses, small wastage (2%) of different types of food is incurred by the largest number of people during both pandemic and lockdown periods (from about 140 to [80][81][82][83][84][85][86][87][88][89][90]. Larger wastage at an average level of 5% and above 10% occurs in dozens of people, while above 20% of food only affects no more than 11 people.…”