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Abstract

Introduction:Herbal medicines are being used since ancient times. Although herbal medications are considered safe, their authenticity and purity have been questioned. It is essential to establish relevant SOPs at the source to ensure the authenticity, purity, quality, and efficacy of herbal medications. Antibiotic resistance is developing every day and is now considered a severe health hazard all over the world, so new medications from natural sources are needed. Therefore, the objective of the study was to develop the SOPs and to evaluate the antimicrobial activity of Qurṣ-i Bel (QB). Materials and Methods: In the present study, 12 batches of QB were prepared to develop SOPs with Loabe Samaghe Arabi (mucilage of Acacia arabica) (GAM), a 100 mesh sieve, and various temperatures and drying times employed for each batch. The antimicrobial activity was done using the agar well diffusion method against four pathogenic bacteria, that is, Staphylococcus aureus, Escherichia coli, Klebsiella species, and Pseudomonas species. Results: The final batch (batch no.12), in which 15% w/w GAM used as a binding agent and dried at 90°C for 120 min showed hardness 17.66 ± 0.57-18.33 ± 1.15 kg/cm 2 , friability 0.0192 ± 0.00-0.0199 ± 0.00 %, and disintegration time 14.00 ± 0.00 min. The findings revealed that the methanolic and hydroalcoholic extracts of QB have antibacterial action against the three pathogens examined (Staphylococcus aureus, Escherichia coli, and Pseudomonas species). While, Klebsiella pneumoniae showed no zone of inhibition for all concentrations in all three extracts and aqueous extract was found ineffective against all tested organisms and showed no zone of inhibition. Conclusion: Its SOPs might be employed as traditional medicine for the treatment of various infections and could be used as a future reference for process standardization.