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No Contest: Participatory Technologies and the Transformation of Urban Authority

“…On free spaces, see Evans and Boyte 1992. For a critical perspective, see Polletta 1999. See also Bourdieu 1991aBourdieu , 1991bMichels 1966.…”

“…The New Left's Port Huron Statement is expansive on each of these points. For an extended consideration of participation and its long-term cultural effects, see Boltanski and Chiapello 2005, Polletta 2002, and Turner 2006 6. For the best analysis of this change, see Mollenkopf 1981. what makes participation worth fighting about in the context of urban governance.…”

Interference Archive: a free space for social movement culture

“…Put simply, free spaces are settings between private lives and large scale institutions where ordinary citizens can act with dignity, independence and vision'' (Evans and Boyte 1986, p. 17). Francesca Polletta (1999) further advances this definition, arguing that free spaces can be an essential component of social movement mobilization, both in helping form community identity and then establishing networks and skills for action.…”

“…Prefigurative free spaces, by contrast, do not evolve so much from any existing movement as from the desire to create a new community, one which may intentionally focus on a shared identity or idea, and which grows out of an agenda to form a new movement (Polletta 1999).…”

“…Finally, we turn to scholarship on the critical geography of social movements to understand how the activist archive functions as a ''free space'' within broader networks of social movement actors and institutions (Evans and Boyte 1986). Following Francesca Polletta's typology of movement spaces, we argue that IA functions as a transmovement and prefigurative free space, illustrating how the activist archive works to forge connections between communities, creating new networks of solidarity through the archival process (Polletta 1999).…”