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Liu, Jingwen; Dong, Shuanglin; Liu, Xiaoyun; Ma, Shen

doi:10.1023/a:1026523213818

Cited by 18 publications

(7 citation statements)

References 32 publications

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“…Our finding that growth rates of M. pyrifera increased with Fe′ concentration is consistent with studies which found dFe fertilisation increased seaweed biomass 20 , 23 , 38 , 39 . This result supports the suggestion that low dFe concentrations (< 1 nM) associated with deforestation and urbanisation in coastal Japanese waters has caused the disappearance of many kelp species including Laminaria japonica and Undaria pinnatifida and highlights the importance of dFe for healthy kelp growth 21 , 23 , 38 , 40 .…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 92%

“…The increase in total chlorophyll pigment content ≥ 45.2 nM Fe′ supports other published seaweed, phytoplankton and seagrass research which found a positive correlation between chlorophyll a content and increasing dFe concentration—related to a lower content of iron-rich pigment–protein complexes 20 , 22 , 26 , 46 – 48 . F v /F m results were variable as damaged reaction centres can continue to fluoresce albeit less efficiently 43 .…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 89%

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Iron limitation of kelp growth may prevent ocean afforestation

et al. 2023

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Carbon dioxide removal (CDR) and emissions reduction are essential to alleviate climate change. Ocean macroalgal afforestation (OMA) is a CDR method already undergoing field trials where nearshore kelps, on rafts, are purposefully grown offshore at scale. Dissolved iron (dFe) supply often limits oceanic phytoplankton growth, however this potentially rate-limiting factor is being overlooked in OMA discussions. Here, we determine the limiting dFe concentrations for growth and key physiological functions of a representative kelp species, Macrocystis pyrifera, considered as a promising candidate for OMA. dFe additions to oceanic seawater ranging 0.01-20.2 nM Fe′ ‒ Fe′ being the sum of dissolved inorganic Fe(III) species ‒ result in impaired physiological functions and kelp mortality. Kelp growth cannot be sustained at oceanic dFe concentrations, which are 1000-fold lower than required by M. pyrifera. OMA may require additional perturbation of offshore waters via dFe fertilisation.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 92%

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 89%

Iron limitation of kelp growth may prevent ocean afforestation

et al. 2023

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“…Several studies have presented the effect of different iron levels on the above-mentioned bioactive compounds of certain algae. For example, the highest PBP content of the red macroalga Gracilaria tenuistipitata has been reported with high iron content in tissue (549 µg dw -1 ) ( Liu et al., 2000 ). Contrary to this, cyanobacterium Arthrospira platenis has shown a negative correlation with iron concentration ( Akbarnezhad et al., 2016 ).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effect of micronutrient iron on bioactive compounds isolated from cryptophytes

2023

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Iron is one of the important micronutrients affecting algal growth due to its fundamental role in the physiological processes, including photosynthetic electron transport, respiration, and nitrogen fixation. In this study, the effect of different iron levels on growth and the production of bioactive compounds (phycoerythrin (PE), extracellular polymeric substances (EPS), and phenolic compounds (PCs)) of five cryptophyte strains were investigated. Also, the antioxidant capacity of the bioactive compounds was explored. The results showed species-specific responses to the impact of iron on growth of cryptophytes and accumulation of bioactive compounds. The growth rates of C. pyrenoidifera and Cryptomonas sp. varied significantly at different iron levels, and a reduction in the PE content was observed for several cryptophytes cultured at the highest iron level. However, no significant differences were detected in EPS content at different iron levels. Differences in PC contents of C. pyrenoidifera and Cryptomonas sp. at medium iron level were statistically significant compared with the other two treatments. The results also revealed species-specific differences in antioxidant activity at different iron levels; each studied strain followed its own pattern in response to change in iron level, and each bioactive compound had a different antioxidant activity. Overall, however, PCs demonstrated higher antioxidant activity than PE and EPS. In summary, iron has an impact on growth, bioactive compound accumulation, and antioxidant activity. However, the species-specific responses to changes in iron level should not be ignored when modifying culture conditions for optimal harvest of bioactive compounds.

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“…Generally, a seaweed absorbs the nutrients via their blades and uses it for photosynthesis and metabolism. Among the nutrients, iron is essential for chlorophyll synthesis in phototrophs including seaweeds [11][12][13]. However, it has been reported that dissolved iron concentrations were extremely low or under the limit of quantification in the specific areas where sea desertification has been observed [9,13,14].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…However, it has been reported that dissolved iron concentrations were extremely low or under the limit of quantification in the specific areas where sea desertification has been observed [9,13,14]. In the case of the macroalgae Gracilaria tenuistipitata, chlorosis and inhibited growth have been observed in iron-deficient conditions [11]. Furthermore, iron availability limits populations of phytoplankton, specifically in shallow marine systems [15].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Dissolved Iron from Steel Slag with Its Chelating Agent Promotes Seaweed Growth

2022

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Blue carbon ecosystems are crucial for carbon sequestration on a global scale. However, it is unclear how we could promote and maximize carbon sequestration. Here, we demonstrate that providing an iron source to seaweed fostered its growth through increased photosynthetic efficiency and transformed the carbon into a biomass. Firstly, we revealed that the mixture of the steel slag and DTPA eluted iron dramatically in seawater. Next, we applied the eluate of the slag-DTPA pellet to the seaweed. The results for the eluate treatment showed a 25.8% increase in the photosynthetic pigment level and a 44.9% increase in the seaweed weight. Furthermore, we confirmed no elution of potential toxic substances from the steel slag and DTPA pellet. Finally, we applied the pellet at a depth of 15 m near seaweeds and observed a 52.0% increase of carbon weight in the pellet treated group, while the non-treated group showed only a 10.3% increase for five months. This study indicated that steel slag-DTPA pellet treatment induced seaweed growth and efficiently transformed its carbon into a seaweed biomass. Thus, steel slag and its chelating agent may contribute to the promotion of sea forestation and a subsequent increase in carbon sequestration known as blue carbon.

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Untitled

Cited by 18 publications

References 32 publications

Iron limitation of kelp growth may prevent ocean afforestation

Iron limitation of kelp growth may prevent ocean afforestation

Effect of micronutrient iron on bioactive compounds isolated from cryptophytes

Dissolved Iron from Steel Slag with Its Chelating Agent Promotes Seaweed Growth

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