Youth Injuries as a Function of Sex, Life History, and Neighborhood Safety

Johnson, Laura; Kruger, Daniel J.; Geher, Glenn; Shaiber, Rebecca; Garcia, Justin R.; Wiegand, Aron

doi:10.22330/heb/323/085-108

Cited by 3 publications

(4 citation statements)

References 36 publications

Supporting

Mentioning

Contrasting

Order By: Relevance

“…As predicted, residents of higher quality neighborhoods exhibited a slower LH strategy. Further support for the association between neighborhood environment and LH strategy was recently found by Johnsen et al (2017) who found that neighborhood safety was associated with both psychometric (mini-K score) and biometric (age of first sex) indices of LH strategy. Though tentative, what these studies suggest is that varying ecological conditions may exert their influence on developmental outcomes (personality traits, behavior, etc.)…”

Section: Sources Of Variance In Lh Strategymentioning

confidence: 69%

The Association of Perceived Neighborhood Safety and Inequality with Personality

Dunkel

Linden

Baca

et al. 2020

Evolutionary Psychological Science

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

The relationship between neighborhood quality and personality was explored using a large nationally representative sample of midlife adults, namely, the data from the Midlife in the United States Longitudinal Study of Health and Well-Being. A multilevel approach was used to track correlations between fluctuations in perceived neighborhood safety and inequality and personality across three points in time. As predicted from life history theory, personality fluctuated along with perceived neighborhood safety and inequality such that the general factor of personality decreased as neighborhood safety decreased and neighborhood inequality increased. In a second set of analyses, monozygotic twin difference scores were used to control for possible genetic confounds. It was found that the twin who reported the greatest neighborhood safety and least neighborhood inequality also had the highest general factor of personality. Future research could be directed at identifying and remediating the specific aspects of the neighborhood that may increase the risk of negative changes in functioning.

show abstract

Section: Sources Of Variance In Lh Strategymentioning

confidence: 69%

The Association of Perceived Neighborhood Safety and Inequality with Personality

Dunkel

Linden

Baca

et al. 2020

Evolutionary Psychological Science

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…For instance, Barash (2016) makes a strong case for human mating systems, across time and place, as shaped by such important evolutionarily relevant factors such as sex differences in required parental investment. Similarly, Johnsen, Kruger, Geher, Wiegand, Shaiber, and Garcia (2017) provide evidence that such factors as risk-taking, proneness toward physical injuries, mating strategies, and life history strategy map strongly onto male/female differences in humans. When it comes to understanding why men and women behave differently from one another in the mating domain, the evolutionary perspective has been of great heuristic value.…”

Section: Evolutionary Psychology and Sex Differencesmentioning

confidence: 89%

“…Male mortality rates have been shown to vary enormously when compared with female mortality rates (Kraemer, 2000). This fact seems to relate to the well-documented finding regarding differential rates of death and injury across the sexes (see Kruger & Nesse, 2006;Johnsen et al, 2017) with males across the life cycle being more likely to die or get injured compared with females. This tendency is exacerbated during adolescence and young adulthood, suggesting that it may be rooted in relatively risky courtship strategies that males employ as part of mate-acquisition processes.…”

Section: Evosmentioning

confidence: 95%

Do Males Vary More Across the Board? The Extended Bateman’s Principle Hypothesis

2019

EvoS

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

In 1948, Bateman published a landmark paper bearing on the evolutionary variable of reproductive success (RS). Drawing on data regarding the life cycle of fruit flies, Bateman discovered that mating rates in various experiments all demonstrated higher variability in males than in females. Females were more likely to mate a moderate number of times while data from males were characterized by a clear variability in RS (with males likely to encounter low, moderate, high, or even extremely high levels of RS). This phenomenon, now known as Bateman's Principle, has shown to be generally operative across various species including our own (Brown, Laland, & Mulder, 2013;Brown, Laland, & Mulder, 2009). The current work aims to address whether this basic asymmetry in variability across the sexes generalizes to trait domains that bear on RS. In other words, do males, relative to females, show higher variability in measures of morphological traits (e.g., height), social-emotional traits (e.g., emotional intelligence), cognitive traits (e.g., short-term memory ability), and important life outcome variables (e.g., markers of physical and financial health)? To address this issue, our methods included an intensive examination of the literature on male/female differences across a broad array of human domains. The literature review presented here addresses this idea, often referred to as the variability hypothesis (see Feingold, 1992), across a broadreaching suite of physical and behavioral dimensions. Ultimately, our results and conclusions provide strong evidence for the variability hypothesis in humans.

show abstract

“…One component of pursuing short-term mating scenarios and sexual variety is risk-taking. While it is the case that both sexes incur more risk under short-term mating scenarios (Sylwester and Pawłowski, 2011) and certain environmental factors (i.e., alcohol consumption) can increase risk-taking in both sexes (George et al, 2008), the evidence to date shows that younger males take on a more risky life history strategy (Daly and Wilson, 1988;Kruger, 2008;Wang et al, 2009) with males willing to incur more risk than females in a variety of contexts (e.g., Byrnes et al, 1999;Courtenay, 2000;Waldron et al, 2005;George et al, 2008;Pawłowski et al, 2008;Johnson et al, 2017). Males will increase their risk-taking when in the presence of an attractive female (Ronay and von Hippel, 2010) or when presented with attractive female face stimuli (Baker and Maner, 2008).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Sex Differences in Attitudes Toward Casual Sex: Using STI Contraction Likelihoods to Assess Evolved Mating Strategies

et al. 2021

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Previous work shows that males are more likely to pursue casual sex if given the opportunity, compared to females, on average. One component of this strategy is risk-taking, and males have been shown to take more risks than females in a variety of contexts. Here, we investigate the extent to which sex differences exist considering casual sexual encounters involving sexually transmitted infections (STIs) using a hypothetical sexual scenario which attempts to circumvent several factors that may contribute to a female’s hesitancy to engage in casual sex encounters. Two hundred and forty-six college students rated their willingness to engage in a satisfying casual sexual encounter with someone judged to be personable as a function of sex, varying STI contraction likelihoods, several STI types, and two levels of hypothetical partner attractiveness. We also assess how individual levels of sociosexuality (as measured by the SOI-R) impact findings. Our findings show that males report higher likelihoods of sexual engagement compared to females in general. This trend continued for lower likelihoods of STI contraction in all four STI types (Cold, Chlamydia, Herpes, HIV), with larger effects shown in the high attractiveness partner condition. For higher STI contraction likelihoods and more severe STI types, along with lower partner attractiveness levels, sex differences shrank. Factoring in participant SOI-R scores attenuated the effects somewhat, although it failed to alter findings substantially with predicted sex differences continuing to exist. These results offer further insight into evolved sex differences in human mating systems and provide an additional framework to test sexual risk-taking among males and females.

show abstract

Youth Injuries as a Function of Sex, Life History, and Neighborhood Safety

Abstract: ABSTRACT

Cited by 3 publications

References 36 publications

The Association of Perceived Neighborhood Safety and Inequality with Personality

The Association of Perceived Neighborhood Safety and Inequality with Personality

Do Males Vary More Across the Board? The Extended Bateman’s Principle Hypothesis

Sex Differences in Attitudes Toward Casual Sex: Using STI Contraction Likelihoods to Assess Evolved Mating Strategies

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About