Youth Access to Tobacco Products in the United States, 2016-2018

Liu, Sherry T.; Snyder, Kimberly; Tynan, Michael A.; Wang, Teresa W.

doi:10.18001/trs.5.6.2

Cited by 25 publications

(17 citation statements)

References 8 publications

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“…In 2019, electronic vapor product users aged ≤17 years usually obtained their products from social sources (e.g., by borrowing them from someone). This is consistent with results from both the Population Assessment of Tobacco and Health Study and NYTS, which also determined that social sources were the most common way for adolescents to obtain electronic vapor products (17,18). These social sources might include older students who are of legal age for purchasing the products in their state or community.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 85%

Tobacco Product Use Among High School Students — Youth Risk Behavior Survey, United States, 2019

Creamer¹,

Jones²,

Gentzke³

et al. 2020

MMWR Suppl.

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Tobacco product use is the leading cause of preventable disease, disability, and death in the United States. This report used data from the 2019 Youth Risk Behavior Survey to assess the following among U.S. high school students: ever use of cigarettes and electronic vapor products, current use (≥1 day during the 30 days before the survey) of tobacco products, frequent use (≥20 days during the 30 days before the survey) among current users of tobacco products, trends in use over time, and usual source of electronic vapor products among current electronic vapor product users. In 2019, a total of 50.1% of U.S. high school students had ever used electronic vapor products, and 24.1% had ever tried cigarette smoking. Current electronic vapor product use was 32.7%, current cigarette smoking was 6.0%, current cigar smoking was 5.7%, and current smokeless tobacco use was 3.8%. Approximately 36.5% of students were current users of any tobacco product, and 8.2% were current users of two or more tobacco products. Frequent use among users of individual products was 32.6% for electronic vapor products, 28.5% for smokeless tobacco, 22.2% for cigarettes, and 18.4% for cigars. Among current electronic vapor product users who were aged ≤17 years, the most commonly reported source was borrowing them from someone else (42.8%). Significant decreases occurred in current cigarette smoking (1991: 27.5%; 2019: 6.0%), cigar smoking (1997: 22.0%; 2019: 5.7%), and smokeless tobacco use (2017: 5.5%; 2019: 3.8%). However, significant increases occurred in current electronic vapor product use (2015: 24.1%; 2019: 32.7%) and any tobacco product use (2017: 19.5%; 2019: 36.5%). Although current cigarette smoking, cigar smoking, and smokeless tobacco use has decreased among high school students, the increased prevalence of electronic vapor product use among youths is concerning. Continued surveillance for all tobacco product use is warranted for guiding and evaluating public health policy at the local, state, tribal, and national levels.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 85%

Tobacco Product Use Among High School Students — Youth Risk Behavior Survey, United States, 2019

Creamer¹,

Jones²,

Gentzke³

et al. 2020

MMWR Suppl.

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

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“…5 Youth e-cigarette users report that while many obtain their e-cigarettes from social sources (approximate 72.6% of middle and high school e-cigarette users in 2018), 16.5% obtain them from vape shops, and 9.8% obtain them from convenience stores. 6 A survey focused on teenage users of Juul, the most popular brand of e-cigarette among youth, revealed similar statistics. Among past 30-day Juul users 13-17 years old, 79.6% reported obtaining Juul from social sources and 20% reported obtaining Juul by purchasing the products.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 91%

Underutilisation of no-tobacco-sale orders against retailers that repeatedly sell to minors, 2015–2019, USA

Hemmerich¹,

Jenson²,

Bowrey

et al. 2021

Tob Control

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ImportanceResearch demonstrates that policies aimed at retailers who sell to minors must be strongly enforced to have an impact on youth usage rates.ObjectivesIn the USA, the Food and Drug Administration (FDA) conducts compliance checks, issues fines, and can order retailers to stop selling tobacco products (ie, no-tobacco-sale orders (NTSOs)) to enforce the Family Smoking Prevention and Tobacco Control Act. We sought to assess FDA’s utilisation of NTSOs.MethodsWe conducted a quantitative content analysis of FDA’s enforcement actions for inspections decided between 1 October 2015 and 29 March 2019. From the 536 134 inspection records we identified 148 NTSOs and 249 720 unique retailer locations, of which 2095 had three or more violations. We randomly sampled NTSOs (n=76) and retail locations (n=152) with frequent violations. We calculated the proportion of NTSOs that could have been issued earlier by FDA. We then calculated the proportion of retailers that could have been issued an NTSO, and the proportion actually issued an NTSO using FDA’s approach and a more stringent approach.ResultsAmong NTSOs, 94.7% (95% CI: 89.8% to 97.4%) of NTSOs could have been issued earlier under a more stringent approach. On average, when an NTSO could have been issued earlier, it could have been issued 453 days earlier (95% CI: 418 to 489; range: 89–1159). Among frequently violating retail locations, 73.6% (95% CI: 66.0% to 80.0%) were eligible for an NTSO. Of those, 1.9% (95% CI: 0.5% to 7.0%) had received an NTSO.ConclusionsThe FDA’s failure to fully leverage its powers to address retailers’ underage sales of tobacco products has weakened efforts to curb the youth e-cigarette epidemic.

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“…Vape shops (retail stores that offer a variety of e-cigarette products) are found to receive a significantly higher amount of violations for selling to minors than other types of retail stores (Roeseler et al, 2019). Data from the 2018 National Youth Tobacco Survey show that 16.5% of middle and high school e-cigarette users under the age of 18 reported buying e-cigarettes from a vape shop within the past month (Liu et al, 2019). In addition to retail stores, online shopping has been found to be an easy way for youth to gain access to e-cigarettes.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…A total 76.5% of purchases were successfully delivered with no attempts of the delivery companies to verify age, and 95% of these deliveries were simply left at the door. According to the 2018 National Youth Tobacco Survey, 5.7% of middle and high school e-cigarette users under the age of 18 reported buying e-cigarettes from online sources (Liu et al, 2019). One of the most common ways for underage youth to gain access to e-cigarettes is from social sources.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…One of the most common ways for underage youth to gain access to e-cigarettes is from social sources. According to the 2018 National Youth Tobacco Survey, 72.6% of middle and high school e-cigarette users reported obtaining an e-cigarette from a friend, family member, or someone who is not a friend or family member (Liu et al, 2019). Of those users who received e-cigarettes from social sources, a total of 58.6% reported obtaining them from a friend, making peers the most frequently used social source.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Exploring Stakeholder and Parent Perspectives of a County Response to Adolescent Vaping and E-Cigarette Use

Kurji

Koza

Sharp

et al. 2021

Journal of Drug Issues

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In the United States, regular cigarette use has steadily declined over the years; however, it has been met with an increase in vaping and e-cigarette use. In Tampa, Florida, this trend has been found especially prevalent among school-aged youth. To combat issues of substance use among youth and prevent criminalization for nonviolent crimes, school-age youth cited for use and possession of tobacco products in Hillsborough County were mandated to attend the Youth Tobacco Awareness Course (YTAC). The aim of this study was to investigate YTAC for its perceived effectiveness and usefulness in mitigating adolescent e-cigarette use. Classroom observations, parent focus groups, and program stakeholder interviews were conducted to comprehensively evaluate this program. Findings from this evaluation led to a deeper understanding of the barriers and facilitators to an effective course, the needs and perceptions of program stakeholders, as well as recommendations for improved future interventions.

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Youth Access to Tobacco Products in the United States, 2016-2018

Cited by 25 publications

References 8 publications

Tobacco Product Use Among High School Students — Youth Risk Behavior Survey, United States, 2019

Tobacco Product Use Among High School Students — Youth Risk Behavior Survey, United States, 2019

Underutilisation of no-tobacco-sale orders against retailers that repeatedly sell to minors, 2015–2019, USA

Exploring Stakeholder and Parent Perspectives of a County Response to Adolescent Vaping and E-Cigarette Use

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