Younger adults with acute myeloid leukemia in remission for ≥3 years have a high likelihood of cure: The ECOG experience in over 1200 patients

Watts, Justin M.; Wang, Xin Victoria; Litzow, Mark R.; Luger, Selina M.; Lazarus, Hillard M.; Cassileth, Peter A.; Fernandez, Hugo F.; Douer, Dan; Zickl, Lynette; Paietta, Elisabeth; Rowe, Jacob M.; Tallman, Martin S.

doi:10.1016/j.leukres.2014.05.018

Cited by 10 publications

(10 citation statements)

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“…Late relapse in acute leukaemia is considered relatively uncommon. In acute myeloid leukaemia (AML), approximately 1% of all who achieved complete remission (CR) relapse after 3–5 years 1 , 2 . In acute lymphoblastic leukaemia (ALL), data on late relapses are mostly reported in paediatrics 3 , 4 .…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

At three years, patients with acute lymphoblastic leukaemia are still at risk for relapse. Results of the international MRC UKALLXII/ECOG E2993 trial

et al. 2020

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Late relapse [>3 years from complete remission (CR)] in acute lymphoblastic leukaemia (ALL), is unusual. Data from the MRC UKALLXII/ECOG E2993 trial are presented to evaluate the incidence and characteristics of late relapse in adult ALL. Of 1,909 patients, 1,752 (92%) achieved CR and among these 757 (43Á2%) relapsed; 691 (91Á3%) within three years and 66 (8Á7%) beyond. Among these 66 patients, median time to relapse was 47 (37-144) months. Relapse beyond three years occurred in 3Á8% of all who achieved CR. The cumulative risk of relapse was 40%, 43% and 45% at three, five and ten years respectively. Out of the 1 752 patients who achieved CR, 11Á7% underwent autologous and 40Á6% allogeneic transplant, while in CR1. Of the autologous patients, 43Á2% relapsed early and 3Á4% relapsed late. However, among the allogeneic patients, 13Á2% relapsed early and only 1Á3% late. The five-year overall survival from relapse was 5Á8% and 20% in the early and late relapse patients respectively. In conclusion, late relapse in adults with ALL is not uncommon, and is associated with better outcome after relapse compared to early relapse.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

At three years, patients with acute lymphoblastic leukaemia are still at risk for relapse. Results of the international MRC UKALLXII/ECOG E2993 trial

et al. 2020

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“…3 To this end, we recently analyzed Eastern Cooperative Oncology Group (ECOG) data and observed that there were very few relapses in patients who maintained CR1 for at least 3 years (14/1229, 1.1%). 4 Relapses occurring after 3 years from CR1 were considered late (LR), and usually occurred between 3 and 5 years after CR1 (12/14, 86%); two very LRs occurred after 5 years. Interestingly, the majority of LRs (82%) occurred in patients with normal cytogenetics, and no patients had an unfavorable karyotype.…”

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confidence: 99%

“…We describe four unique cases of LR AML after allo-HCT—one previously reported ECOG case 4 and three new cases from patients treated at the Mayo Clinic. LR after allo-HCT is rare, and, to our knowledge, this is the largest case series of this kind to date.…”

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confidence: 99%

“…In addition, two of the three new cases had a normal karyotype and the other was inv(16) at initial diagnosis, consistent with our previous report demonstrating that most LRs have normal or favorable cytogenetics at diagnosis and none have poor-risk features. 4 Importantly, the three Mayo Clinic LR patients were transplanted at first relapse with active disease (6–30% marrow blasts). These patients had no evidence of extramedullary disease at the time of transplant, but this raises the possibility that residual marrow leukemia is an additional risk factor for late extramedullary recurrence.…”

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Very late relapse of AML after allogeneic hematopoietic cell transplantation is often extramedullary

Watts

Wang

Swords

et al. 2016

Bone Marrow Transplant

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“…Endostatin was discovered in 1997, and was considered one of the most active angiogenesis inhibitors. It can effectively inhibit the growth of endothelial cells, and has been associated with the development and prognosis of malignant tumor diseases (Fung et al, 2013;Watts et al, 2014). FGF-19 belongs to an endocrine subfamily, and it is expressed in the terminal ileum, brain, cartilage, kidney, and other organs; it is important for the metabolism of nutrients.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effects of changes in serum endostatin and fibroblast growth factor 19 on the chemotherapeutic sensitivity in acute myeloid leukemia patients

Su¹,

Wang²,

Zhou³

et al. 2015

Genet. Mol. Res.

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ABSTRACT. The present study aimed to explore the changes in serum endostatin and fibroblast growth factor 19 (FGF-19) in acute myeloid leukemia patients, and to determine their effects on chemotherapeutic sensitivity. Sixty acute myeloid leukemia patients and 30 healthy controls were included in the study. Patient serum endostatin and FGF-19 levels were measured on admission, and then, standard chemotherapy was administered. The patients were divided into 2 groups according to chemotherapeutic effects: 21 patients in the chemotherapeutic sensitivity group (complete remission + partial remission) and 39 in the chemotherapeutic resistance group (no remission + degradation). A receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve was used to analyze the relationship of serum endostatin and FGF-19 levels with chemotherapeutic sensitivity in acute myeloid leukemia patients. The levels of serum endostatin and FGF-19 in acute myeloid leukemia patients before chemotherapy were significantly higher than those in the control group. Moreover, these levels significantly decreased after chemotherapy (P < 0.01). The levels of serum endostatin and FGF-19 in the chemotherapeutic sensitivity group were lower than those in the chemotherapeutic resistance group, both before and after chemotherapy (P < 0.05 and P < 0.01, respectively). ROC curve analysis showed that the predictive values of endostatin and FGF-19 were good, and there was no significant difference between these results. In conclusion, serum endostatin and FGF-19 can be used as predictors of chemotherapeutic sensitivity for acute myeloid leukemia patients, and may be important for determining prognosis.

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Younger adults with acute myeloid leukemia in remission for ≥3 years have a high likelihood of cure: The ECOG experience in over 1200 patients

Cited by 10 publications

References 14 publications

At three years, patients with acute lymphoblastic leukaemia are still at risk for relapse. Results of the international MRC UKALLXII/ECOG E2993 trial

At three years, patients with acute lymphoblastic leukaemia are still at risk for relapse. Results of the international MRC UKALLXII/ECOG E2993 trial

Very late relapse of AML after allogeneic hematopoietic cell transplantation is often extramedullary

Effects of changes in serum endostatin and fibroblast growth factor 19 on the chemotherapeutic sensitivity in acute myeloid leukemia patients

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