Young Drivers and Their Passengers: A Systematic Review of Epidemiological Studies on Crash Risk

Ouimet, Marie Claude; Pradhan, Anuj K.; Brooks‐Russell, Ashley; Ehsani, Johnathon P.; Berbiche, Djamal; Simons-Morton, Bruce G.

doi:10.1016/j.jadohealth.2015.03.010

Cited by 70 publications

(53 citation statements)

References 28 publications

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Driving with a teenage passenger is considered to be a factor uniquely associated with teen crash risk (Williams et al, 2007; Ouimet, et al, 2015; Tefft et al, 2012). Presumably, teenage passengers increase crash risk through social influence, either pressure to increase risk or social norms that favor more risky driving (Ouimet et al, 2015). In their review of driving restrictions at the provisional license stage, Lin and Fearn (2003) suggested that driving with a teen passenger significantly increased the likelihood of involvement in fatal crashes, and that the risk increased with the number of teenage passengers.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…In their review of driving restrictions at the provisional license stage, Lin and Fearn (2003) suggested that driving with a teen passenger significantly increased the likelihood of involvement in fatal crashes, and that the risk increased with the number of teenage passengers. In a recent systematic review, Ouimet et al (2015) concluded that passenger presence increased the overall fatal crash risk of teenagers compared to driving alone. However, the relationship between teenage passenger presence and non-fatal crash outcomes could not be confirmed.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 2 more Smart Citations

Vehicle ownership and other predictors of teenagers risky driving behavior: Evidence from a naturalistic driving study

Gershon

Ehsani

Zhu

et al. 2018

Accident Analysis & Prevention

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Objective: Risky driving behavior may contribute to the high crash risk among teenage drivers. The current naturalistic driving study assessed predictors for teenagers’ kinematic risky driving (KRD) behavior and the interdependencies between them. Method: The private vehicles of 81 novice teenage drivers were equipped with data acquisition system that recorded driving kinematics, miles driven, and video recordings of the driver, passengers and the driving environment. Psychosocial measures were collected using questionnaires administered at licensure. Poisson regression analyses and model selection were used to assess factors associated with teens’ risky driving behavior and the interactions between them. Results: Driving own vs shared vehicle, driving during the day vs at night, and driving alone vs with passengers were significantly associated with higher KRD rates (Incidence rate ratios (IRRs) of 1.60, 1.41, and 1.28, respectively). Teenagers reporting higher vs lower levels of parental trust had significantly lower KRD rates (IRR = 0.58). KRD rates were 88% higher among teenagers driving with a passenger in their own vehicle compared to teenagers driving with a passenger in a shared vehicle. Similarly, KRD rates during the day were 74% higher among teenagers driving their own vehicle compared to those driving a shared vehicle. Conclusions: Novice teenagers’ risky driving behavior varied according to driver attributes and contextual aspects of the driving environment. As such, examining teenagers’ risky driving behavior should take into account multiple contributing factors and their interactions. The variability in risky driving according to the driving context can inform the development of targeted interventions to reduce the crash risk of novice teenage drivers.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 1 more Smart Citation

Vehicle ownership and other predictors of teenagers risky driving behavior: Evidence from a naturalistic driving study

Gershon

Ehsani

Zhu

et al. 2018

Accident Analysis & Prevention

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

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“…Interestingly, the presence of an adult passenger, age 35 years or older, was associated with decreased teen drivers' risk of involvement in any police reported crash, as well as involvement in fatal crashes (46% and 62%, respectively). In a recent systematic review on the influence of passengers on young drivers, Ouimet et al (2015) concluded that passenger presence increased the overall fatal crash risk of teens compared to solo driving, but the relationship between teenage passenger presence and non-fatal crash outcomes could not be confirmed. An observational study on teens' risky driving found that teen drivers were more prone to engage in risky driving behavior in the presence of teenage passengers (Simons-Morton et al, 2005).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Vehicle Accessibility: Association with Novice Teen Driving Conditions

Gershon

Ehsani

Zhu

et al. 2017

Proceedings of the 9th International Driving Symposium on Human Factors in Driver Assessment, Training, and Vehicle Design: Dri

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“…For example, in the current study, a suburban driving setting, using a phone while stopped at traffic lights, and driving with passengers were identified as common scenarios. While a recent meta-analysis of 17 studies found there was a greater crash risk (fatal and non-fatal) for young drivers carrying passengers compared to when driving alone (Ouimet et al, 2015), other studies have found that interacting with a mobile phone was less likely when a passenger was present (e.g., Rosenbloom & Perlman, 2016). In order to explore these findings further, two messages were developed with passengers present.…”

Section: Message Focusmentioning

confidence: 99%

A Theory-Based Approach to the Development and Evaluation of Public Education Messages Aimed at Social Interactive Technology Use on Smartphones among Young Drivers

Gauld¹

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Worldwide, road trauma is the leading cause of death among young people.Young drivers aged 18 to 25 years are both more accepting of technology and more likely than any other age group to use a mobile phone while driving, particularly smartphones. Young drivers are also more likely to access the additional social interactive technologies available on smartphones, such as Facebook and email, placing them at increased risk of road trauma from driver distraction. Laws against mobile phone use while driving exist in some countries, such as Australia; however, they may not be having the same effect as the laws for other risky road user behaviours (e.g., drink-driving) as they are challenging to enforce. The development of other countermeasures such as public education messages, therefore, is critical to alert drivers of the risky nature of such activities.This program of research examined the role and effectiveness of public education messages that were developed and evaluated in accordance with the Step approach to Message Design and Testing (SatMDT). The SatMDT is a four step framework based on social psychological theory (i.e., the Theory of Planned Behaviour; the Elaboration Likelihood Model; the Extended Parallel process Model; and Social Learning Theory) and includes ongoing input from young drivers who and inform and test every step. These messages were aimed at reducing key behaviours relating to smartphone use; namely, initiating, monitoring/reading, and responding to social interactive technology among young drivers aged 17 to 25 years.There were three distinct studies in this program of research, with each study building purposefully on the results of the previous study. A mixed methods approach was utilised with some studies utilising both qualitative and quantitative v methods within separate study phases. Study 1 of the research program identified pre-existing characteristics associated with the target audience and comprised three distinct phases. Study 1A (N = 14) was a qualitative study that identified the extent and nature of young drivers' involvement in the behaviour. Study 1B (N = 26) was a qualitative study that identified underlying beliefs of the target audience regarding the target behaviours and Study 1C (N = 114) was a quantitative survey study that verified whether the beliefs elicited in Study 1B were representative of a broader population of young drivers. The analysis of Study 1C data identified three key beliefs that would be fundamental to challenge in public education messages. Specifically, they were 'believing you are a good driver would encourage'; 'slowmoving traffic would encourage'; and 'friends and peers would approve' of a young driver accessing social interactive technology on their smartphone.The main aim of Study 2 was to develop and pilot message content based on the results of Study 1 to ensure the message content conveyed the anticipated message.Guided by theoretical and empirical evidence and in accordance with the SatMDT, nine messages were developed in the ini...

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Young Drivers and Their Passengers: A Systematic Review of Epidemiological Studies on Crash Risk

Cited by 70 publications

References 28 publications

Vehicle ownership and other predictors of teenagers risky driving behavior: Evidence from a naturalistic driving study

Vehicle ownership and other predictors of teenagers risky driving behavior: Evidence from a naturalistic driving study

Vehicle Accessibility: Association with Novice Teen Driving Conditions

A Theory-Based Approach to the Development and Evaluation of Public Education Messages Aimed at Social Interactive Technology Use on Smartphones among Young Drivers

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