Young Children's Self-Generated Object Views and Object Recognition

James, Karin H.; Jones, Susan S.; Smith, Linda B.; Swain, Shelley N.

doi:10.1080/15248372.2012.749481

Cited by 39 publications

(47 citation statements)

References 21 publications

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“…For example, when infants first learn to sit stably on their own, their hands become free to manipulate and use objects. The novel visual information that is generated by the infant’s object manipulation supports the development of more advanced abilities such as object memory (Ruff, 1981), object discrimination (Soska, Adolph, & Johnson, 2010), and view-invariant object recognition (James, Jones, Smith, & Swain, 2014). Manipulating objects while sitting also allows infants to bring objects close to their eyes such that the objects dominate their visual field.…”

Section: Adaptation and Niche Constructionmentioning

confidence: 99%

A novel ecological account of prefrontal cortex functional development.

Werchan

Amso

2017

Psychological Review

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In this paper, we argue that prefrontal cortex ontogenetic functional development is best understood through an ecological lens. We first begin by reviewing evidence supporting the existing consensus that PFC structural and functional development is protracted based on maturational constraints. We then examine recent findings from neuroimaging studies in infants, early life stress research, and connectomics that support the novel hypothesis that PFC functional development is driven by reciprocal processes of neural adaptation and niche construction. We discuss implications and predictions of this model for redefining the construct of executive functions and for informing typical and atypical child development. This ecological account of PFC functional development moves beyond descriptions of development that are characteristic of existing frameworks, and provides novel insights into the mechanisms of developmental change, including its catalysts and influences.

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Section: Adaptation and Niche Constructionmentioning

confidence: 99%

A novel ecological account of prefrontal cortex functional development.

Werchan

Amso

2017

Psychological Review

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“…These new methods have documented unique properties of infant views. The growing body of work employing this technique has led to significant advancements in our understanding early natural vision [58], motor [61, 63], social [62], object processing [64], and language [10, 59, 60] development.…”

Section: Hypothesis Testing and Associative Learningmentioning

confidence: 99%

The unrealized promise of infant statistical word–referent learning

Smith

Suanda

2014

Trends in Cognitive Sciences

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Recent theory and experiments offer a new solution as to how infant learners may break into word learning, by using cross-situational statistics to find the underlying word-referent mappings. Computational models demonstrate the in-principle plausibility of this statistical learning solution and experimental evidence shows that infants can aggregate and make statistically appropriate decisions from word-referent co-occurrence data. We review these contributions and then identify the gaps in current knowledge that prevent a confident conclusion about whether cross-situational learning is the mechanism through which infants break into word learning. We propose an agenda to address that gap that focuses on detailing the statistics in the learning environment and the cognitive processes that make use of those statistics.

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“…Consistent with this idea, and as also apparent in Figure 1, the shape similarity of objects is more readily perceived when the views of objects are aligned by their major axis (Sekuler, 1996; Tarr, 2003; see also Dickison, Leonardis, Schiele & Tarr, 2009). Several recent proposals have further suggested that the major axis –and physical rotations and alignments with respect to that axis -- play a role in the developmental processes that build integrated 3-dimensional representations of object shape from 2-dimensional views (Smith, 2009; Graf, 2006; Farivar, 2009, Cutzu & Tarr, 2007; Pereira, James, Jones, & Smith, 2010; James, Swain, Jones & Smith, 2013). The idea is that by rotating the major axis (in all three planes) children self-generate the visual information that is the basis for building integrated views (see Graf, 2006; Farivar, 2009) and that by stacking and aligning objects, children extract the major axis as a frame of reference for comparing shapes (see Smith, 2009).…”

Section: The Axis Of Elongationmentioning

confidence: 99%

Using the axis of elongation to align shapes: Developmental changes between 18 and 24months of age

Smith

Street

Jones

et al. 2014

Journal of Experimental Child Psychology

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An object’s axis of elongation serves as an important frame of reference for forming 3-dimensional representations of object shape. By several recent accounts, the formation of these representations is also related to experiences of acting on objects. Four experiments examined 18- to 24-month-old (N = 103) infants’ sensitivity to the elongated axis in action tasks that required extracting, comparing and physically rotating an object so that its major axis was aligned with that of a visual standard. In Experiments 1 and 2, the older infants precisely rotated both simple and complexly shaped 3-dimensional objects in insertion tasks in which the visual standard was the rectangular contour defining the opening in a box. The younger infants performed poorly. Experiments 3 and 4 provide evidence on emerging abilities in extracting and using the most extended axis as a frame of reference for shape comparison. Experiment 3 showed that 18 month olds could rotate an object to align its major axis to the direction of their own hand motion and Experiment 4 showed that they could align the major axis of one object to that of another object of the exact same 3-dimensional shape. The results are discussed in terms of theories of the development of 3-dimensional shape representations, visual object recognition, and the role of action in these developments.

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Young Children's Self-Generated Object Views and Object Recognition

Cited by 39 publications

References 21 publications

A novel ecological account of prefrontal cortex functional development.

A novel ecological account of prefrontal cortex functional development.

The unrealized promise of infant statistical word–referent learning

Using the axis of elongation to align shapes: Developmental changes between 18 and 24months of age

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