Young Adults’ Electronic Cigarette Use and Perceptions of Risk

Kelsh, Shelby; Ottney, Anne; Young, Mark A.; Kelly, Michelle; Larson, Rodney; Sohn, Minji

doi:10.1177/1179173x231161313

Cited by 11 publications

(7 citation statements)

References 18 publications

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“…This provokes inflammatory signaling cascades mediated by damage-associated molecular patterns (DAMPs), receptors like RAGE and TLRs, and downstream cytokines and kinases (Pérez Ríos et al 2023). Smoking also disrupts apoptosis and autophagy, contributing to premature cellular senescence (Kelsh et al 2023a). In the lungs, oxidative stress and inflammation from smoking play central roles in COPD pathogenesis (Sun et al 2023).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Oxidative stress and inflammation: elucidating mechanisms of smoking-attributable pathology for therapeutic targeting

Addissouky,

El Sayed,

Ali

et al. 2024

Bull Natl Res Cent

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Background Tobacco smoking remains a major preventable cause of disease and death worldwide. Combustible cigarettes release thousands of chemicals that can initiate inflammatory pathways leading to smoking-related illness. This review aims to synthesize current scientific knowledge on mechanisms of smoking-induced disease, epidemiological trends, and clinical strategies from recent literature. Main body of the abstract At the cellular level, cigarette smoke triggers oxidative stress through reactive oxygen species (ROS), causing DNA damage. This provokes inflammatory signaling cascades mediated by damage-associated molecular patterns (DAMPs), receptors like RAGE and TLRs, and downstream cytokines. Smoking also disrupts apoptosis and autophagy. In the lungs, oxidative stress and inflammation from smoking play central roles in COPD pathogenesis. Smoking-induced oxidative DNA damage, chronic inflammation, and impaired immunity combine to promote lung carcinogenesis. For cardiovascular disease, smoking triggers endothelial dysfunction, platelet activation, and atherogenesis through oxidized LDL and effects on nitric oxide and adhesion molecules. Short conclusion Given the unequivocal evidence of health risks, smoking cessation is critical to reducing preventable death and disability. Both counseling and pharmacotherapy have proven efficacy for quitting, but efficacy remains limited long-term. Emerging nicotine products like e-cigarettes have unknown impacts on cessation and population health. Comprehensive efforts encompassing prevention, screening, treatment innovation, harm reduction, and policy reform focused on curbing smoking-attributable morbidity and mortality are warranted.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Oxidative stress and inflammation: elucidating mechanisms of smoking-attributable pathology for therapeutic targeting

Addissouky,

El Sayed,

Ali

et al. 2024

Bull Natl Res Cent

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“…This proportion is numerically higher than those observed in prior BRFSS years (63.3% in 2017, 66.1% in 2018, and 70.4% in 2020) . Perceived reduced harm, easy access, and social preference for e-cigarettes over other tobacco products may explain the high e-cigarette prevalence among young adults . Also, with nearly one-half of individuals (46.6%) currently using e-cigarettes reporting daily use, there is an implication of a shift from experimental to established use.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 73%

“… 5 , 6 Perceived reduced harm, easy access, and social preference for e-cigarettes over other tobacco products may explain the high e-cigarette prevalence among young adults. 30 , 31 , 32 , 33 Also, with nearly one-half of individuals (46.6%) currently using e-cigarettes reporting daily use, there is an implication of a shift from experimental to established use. This observation aligns with patterns observed in prior BRFSS years (34.5% in 2017, 37.3% in 2018, and 44.4% in 2020), 5 , 6 albeit with numerically higher findings in our study.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

E-Cigarette Use Among US Adults in the 2021 Behavioral Risk Factor Surveillance System Survey

Erhabor,

Boakye,

Obisesan

et al. 2023

JAMA Netw Open

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ImportanceAfter the initial disruption from the COVID-19 pandemic, it is unclear how patterns of e-cigarette use in the US have changed.ObjectiveTo examine recent patterns in current and daily e-cigarette use among US adults in 2021.Design, Setting, and ParticipantsThis cross-sectional study used data from the 2021 Behavioral Risk Factor Surveillance System (BRFSS) database. The BRFSS is the largest national telephone-based survey of randomly sampled adults in the US. Adults aged 18 years or older, residing in 49 US states (all except Florida), the District of Columbia, and 3 US territories (Guam, Puerto Rico, and the US Virgin Islands), were included in the data set. Data analysis was performed in January 2023.Main Outcomes and MeasuresThe main outcome was age-adjusted prevalence of current and daily e-cigarette use overall and by participant characteristics, state, and territory. Descriptive statistical analysis was conducted, applying weights to account for population representation.ResultsThis study included 414 755 BRFSS participants with information on e-cigarette use. More than half of participants were women (51.3%). In terms of race and ethnicity, 0.9% of participants were American Indian or Alaska Native, 5.8% were Asian, 11.5% were Black, 17.3% were Hispanic, 0.2% were Native Hawaiian or Other Pacific Islander, 62.2% were White, 1.4% were of multiple races or ethnicities, and 0.6% were of other race or ethnicity. Individuals aged 18 to 24 years comprised 12.4% of the study population. The age-standardized prevalence of current e-cigarette use was 6.9% (95% CI, 6.7%-7.1%), with almost half of participants using e-cigarettes daily (3.2% [95% CI, 3.1%-3.4%]). Among individuals aged 18 to 24 years, there was a consistently higher prevalence of e-cigarette use, with more than 18.6% reporting current use and more than 9.0% reporting daily use. Overall, among individuals reporting current e-cigarette use, 42.2% (95% CI, 40.7%-43.7%) indicated former combustible cigarette use, 37.1% (95% CI, 35.6%-38.6%) indicated current combustible cigarette use, and 20.7% (95% CI, 19.7%-21.8%) indicated never using combustible cigarettes. Although relatively older adults (aged ≥25 years) who reported current e-cigarette use were more likely to report former or current combustible cigarette use, younger adults (aged 18-24 years) were more likely to report never using combustible cigarettes. Notably, the proportion of individuals who reported current e-cigarette use and never using combustible cigarettes was higher in the group aged 18 to 20 years (71.5% [95% CI, 66.8%-75.7%]) compared with those aged 21 to 24 years (53.0% [95% CI, 49.8%-56.1%]).Conclusion and RelevanceThese findings suggest that e-cigarette use remained common during the COVID-19 pandemic, particularly among young adults aged 18 to 24 years (18.3% prevalence). Notably, 71.5% of individuals aged 18 to 20 years who reported current e-cigarette use had never used combustible cigarettes. These results underscore the rationale for the implementation and enforcement of public health policies tailored to young adults.

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“…Electronic cigarettes and vaping have surged in popularity over the past decade, with over 50% of American adults having tried or currently using e-cigarettes [92]. While the long-term health risks remain unclear, concerns surround the e-liquid components, which often contain humectants and flavourings with or without nicotine [92]. Common humectants like propylene glycol and vegetable glycerine, when thermally decomposed, yield compounds like formaldehyde acrolein, and acetaldehyde.…”

Section: Toxins and Vapingmentioning

confidence: 99%

Pulmonology for the rhinologist

Campbell,

Auyeung,

Katsoulotos

2023

Current Opinion in Otolaryngology &Amp; Head &Amp; Neck Surgery

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Purpose of review The upper and lower airways are inter-related despite serving different functions and can no longer be considered separately. Rhinologists are becoming increasingly aware of the role the lower airway plays in optimizing outcomes for their patients. This review highlights recent developments in pulmonology that impact rhinologic conditions. Recent findings The unified airway concept now supports the multidisciplinary management of respiratory and rhinologic pathologies. Biomarkers, biologics and the concept of treatable traits have permitted the development of personalized and precise treatment of the entire respiratory tract. The concept of corticosteroid stewardship, the introduction of steroid sparing agents for the treatment of respiratory diseases and the development of biomarkers, now forces us to be more considerate and precise with oral corticosteroid (OCS) prescribing and to consider reduction regimens. Finally, current research on climate change and vaping will allow us to better educate and prepare our patients to improve adherence and avoid exacerbations to maintain optimal global respiratory health. Summary The inter-relatedness of the upper and lower airway has encouraged a multidisciplinary focus in respiratory medicine. More research is required to improve the precision respiratory medicine model, particularly in the realm of biomarkers and endotyping. These developments must also consider the impact of climate change, pollution and toxins for us to provide optimum care for our patients.

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Young Adults’ Electronic Cigarette Use and Perceptions of Risk

Cited by 11 publications

References 18 publications

Oxidative stress and inflammation: elucidating mechanisms of smoking-attributable pathology for therapeutic targeting

Oxidative stress and inflammation: elucidating mechanisms of smoking-attributable pathology for therapeutic targeting

E-Cigarette Use Among US Adults in the 2021 Behavioral Risk Factor Surveillance System Survey

Pulmonology for the rhinologist

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