Young adult sequelae of adolescent cannabis use: an integrative analysis

Silins, Edmund; Horwood, L. John; Patton, George C.; Fergusson, David M.; Olsson, Craig A.; Hutchinson, Delyse; Spry, Elizabeth; Toumbourou, John W.; Degenhardt, Louisa; Swift, Wendy; Coffey, Carolyn; Tait, Robert J.; Letcher, Primrose; Copeland, Jan; Mattick, Richard P.

doi:10.1016/s2215-0366(14)70307-4

Cited by 383 publications

(295 citation statements)

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“…However, all participants were (near) daily users at baseline. It is therefore possible that variation in cannabis exposure is only associated with transition to dependence in younger and/or less experienced users, such as during adolescence (Silins et al 2014).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Changes in cannabis potency and first-time admissions to drug treatment: a 16-year study in the Netherlands

et al. 2018

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Background. The number of people entering specialist drug treatment for cannabis problems has increased considerably in recent years. The reasons for this are unclear, but rising cannabis potency could be a contributing factor. Methods. Cannabis potency data were obtained from an ongoing monitoring programme in the Netherlands. We analysed concentrations of δ-9-tetrahydrocannabinol (THC) from the most popular variety of domestic herbal cannabis sold in each retail outlet (2000)(2001)(2002)(2003)(2004)(2005)(2006)(2007)(2008)(2009)(2010)(2011)(2012)(2013)(2014)(2015). Mixed effects linear regression models examined time-dependent associations between THC and first-time cannabis admissions to specialist drug treatment. Candidate time lags were 0-10 years, based on normative European drug treatment data. After adjusting for age, sex and non-cannabis drug treatment admissions, these positive associations were attenuated but remained statistically significant at lags of 5-7 years and were again strongest at 5 years, b = 0.082 (0.052-0.111), p < 0.0001. Conclusions. In this 16-year observational study, we found positive time-dependent associations between changes in cannabis potency and first-time cannabis admissions to drug treatment. These associations are biologically plausible, but their strength after adjustment suggests that other factors are also important.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Changes in cannabis potency and first-time admissions to drug treatment: a 16-year study in the Netherlands

et al. 2018

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“…A recent study across three large samples found that cannabis use before the age of 17 was related to lower rates of high-school completion and degree attainment 50 . Similarly, a 1-year follow-up study of 1155 adolescents found that weekly cannabis use was related to poorer performance in GCSE Maths and English at age 16 (albeit less than tobacco), after controlling for confounders 51 .…”

Section: Cognition and Intelligencementioning

confidence: 99%

Can we make cannabis safer?

Englund

Freeman

Murray

et al. 2017

The Lancet Psychiatry

135

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“…Engagement in risk behaviours such as tobacco, alcohol, cannabis and other illicit drug use has multiple negative health consequences, including respiratory problems, violence, injury, sexual risk behaviour, poorer educational attainment, psychosis, mental illness, risk of dependence, morbidity and mortality later in life 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7. While the rate of substance use among young people in the United Kingdom is decreasing overall, a substantial proportion of young people continue to use these substances, with 31% of 16–24 year olds in the United Kingdom having ever used cannabis and nearly one‐fifth being regular or occasional smokers 8, 9.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Peer‐led interventions to prevent tobacco, alcohol and/or drug use among young people aged 11–21 years: a systematic review and meta‐analysis

et al. 2016

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Background and AimsPeer‐led interventions may offer a beneficial approach in preventing substance use, but their impact has not yet been quantified. We conducted a systematic review to investigate and quantify the effect of peer‐led interventions that sought to prevent tobacco, alcohol and/or drug use among young people aged 11–21 years.MethodsMedline, EMBASE, PsycINFO, CINAHL, ERIC and the Cochrane Library were searched from inception to July 2015 without language restriction. We included randomized controlled trials only. Screening and data extraction were conducted in duplicate and data from eligible studies were pooled in a random effects meta‐analysis.ResultsWe identified 17 eligible studies, approximately half of which were school‐based studies targeting tobacco use among adolescents. Ten studies targeting tobacco use could be pooled, representing 13 706 young people in 220 schools. Meta‐analysis demonstrated that the odds of smoking were lower among those receiving the peer‐led intervention compared with control [odds ratio (OR) = 0.78, 95% confidence interval (CI) = 0.62–0.99, P = 0.040]. There was evidence of heterogeneity (I 2 = 41%, χ2 15.17, P = 0.086). Pooling of six studies representing 1699 individuals in 66 schools demonstrated that peer‐led interventions were also associated with benefit in relation to alcohol use (OR = 0.80, 95% CI = 0.65–0.99, P = 0.036), while three studies (n = 976 students in 38 schools) suggested an association with lower odds of cannabis use (OR = 0.70, 0.50–0.97, P = 0.034). No studies were found that targeted other illicit drug use.ConclusionsPeer interventions may be effective in preventing tobacco, alcohol and possibly cannabis use among adolescents, although the evidence base is limited overall, and is characterized mainly by small studies of low quality.

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Young adult sequelae of adolescent cannabis use: an integrative analysis

Abstract: Australian Government National Health and Medical Research Council.

Cited by 383 publications

References 28 publications

Changes in cannabis potency and first-time admissions to drug treatment: a 16-year study in the Netherlands

Changes in cannabis potency and first-time admissions to drug treatment: a 16-year study in the Netherlands

Can we make cannabis safer?

Peer‐led interventions to prevent tobacco, alcohol and/or drug use among young people aged 11–21 years: a systematic review and meta‐analysis

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