Yolk–Shell Structured Au Nanostar@Metal–Organic Framework for Synergistic Chemo-photothermal Therapy in the Second Near-Infrared Window

Abstract

Light-sensitive yolk−shell nanoparticles (YSNs) as remote-controlled and stimuli-responsive theranostic platforms provide an attractive method for synergistic cancer therapy. Herein, a kind of novel stimuli-responsive multifunctional YSNs has been successfully constructed by integrating star-shaped gold (Au star) nanoparticles as the second near-infrared (NIR-II) photothermal yolks and biodegradable crystalline zeolitic imidazolate framework-8 (ZIF-8) as the shells. In this platform, a chemotherapeutic drug (doxorubicin hydrochloride, DOX) was encapsulated into the cavity, which can show the behavior of controlled release due to the degradation process of ZIF-8 in the mildly acidic tumor microenvironment. Upon the 1064 nm (NIR-II biowindow) laser irradiation, gold nanostar@ZIF-8 (Au@MOF) nanoparticles exhibited outstanding synergistic anticancer effect based on their photothermal and promoted cargo release properties. Moreover, the strong NIR region absorbance endows the Au@MOF of NIR thermal imaging and photoacoustic (PA) imaging properties. This work contributes to design a stimuliresponsive "all-in-one" nanocarrier that realizes bimodal imaging diagnosis and chemo-photothermal synergistic therapy.

Metal–Organic Frameworks for Biomedical Applications

“…In this review article, we will summarize the recent developments of MOF‐based composite materials including the synthesis and functionalization8–15 and their biomedical applications in the delivery of cargos including drugs, nucleic acids, proteins, and dyes ( Table 1 ),19,21–23,25–29,31b,d,34–41 bioimaging ( Table 2 ),43–45,47–54 antimicrobial ( Table 3 ),57,60–67 biosensing ( Table 4 ),69–73,75–86 and biocatalysis ( Table 5 ). 91–95 Moreover, the potential of MOFs for biomedical applications has been clarified through the analysis of recent examples reported in literature.…”

Injectable Hydrogel for NIR-II Photo-Thermal Tumor Therapy and Dihydroartemisinin-Mediated Chemodynamic Therapy

“…This cycle was repeated four times ( Figure 2C) to demonstrate that the variation of the peak temperature in every cycle was negligible and that the photo-thermal performance of the ink was stable and reproducible during cycling. The photo-thermal conversion efficiency (η) of the ink was calculated from the data of Figures 2D,F and was as high as 35.0%, which is higher than Au nanorods (21%), graphene quantum dots (28.58%), and Ti 3 C 2 nanosheets (30.6%) (Liu et al, 2015;Rasool et al, 2016;Shao et al, 2016;Deng et al, 2019). Figure 2E shows the UV-visible-NIR absorbance spectrum of the ink solution, revealing a broad and strong absorbance between 800 and 1,100 nm, without any and corresponding temperature curve (blue line) of ink@hydrogel under NIR irradiation at 1 W/cm 2 .…”

Miniature Hollow Gold Nanorods with Enhanced Effect for In Vivo Photoacoustic Imaging in the NIR‐II Window

“…[14,15] Up to now, various types of AuNPs have been explored and used as PAI contrast agents, including nanorods, nanospheres, nanoshells, nanocages, nanodisks, nanostars, and so on. [16][17][18][19][20][21][22][23][24][25][26][27] However, only seldom types can actually be tuned to possess strong absorption in the NIR-II window under limited conditions because the sizes, shapes, and structures (solid and hollow) of AuNPs are closely related to their plasmonic absorption peak. [28] For example, traditional Au nanorods need to reach an aspect ratio of 6 or more, [29] the spike AuNPs need their needles very long, [30] and Au nanoshells require a large external diameter and a thin wall thickness.…”