Abstract:A reliability analysis of an automated yogurt production line was carried out for all machines and the entire line level. Trend and serial correlation tests validated the assumption of independence and identical distribution of the failure data was conducted. The determination of the theoretical distribution parameters that had the best fit to the failure data was made. Furthermore, the reliability and failure rate models for the entire production line were developed. The models could prove to be a useful tool… Show more
“…[1] According to the Euromonitor database, the yogurt production in 2015 reached 27.7 million metric tonnes, a 1.2-fold increase compared with the yield in 2010. [2] Its popularity is not only due to various health claims and therapeutic effects but also for its sensory properties. The primary sensory attributes of yogurt include texture, colour, and flavour.…”
Considerable knowledge has been accumulated on the lactic acid bacteria (LAB) that affect the aroma and flavour of yogurt. This review focuses on the role of LAB in the production of flavour compounds during yogurt fermentation. The biochemical processes of flavour compound formation by LAB including glycolysis, proteolysis, and lipolysis are summarised, with some key compounds described in detail. The flavour-related activities of LAB mostly depend on the species used for yogurt fermentation, and some strategies have been developed to obtain more control of the flavourforming process. Metabolic engineering can be a powerful tool to reroute the metabolic flux towards the efficient accumulation of the desired flavour compounds with the knowledge of the complex network of flavour-forming pathways and the availability of genetic tools. Further progress made in the omics-based techniques and the use of systems biology approaches are needed to fully understand, control, and steer flavour formation in yogurt fermentation processes.
ARTICLE HISTORY
“…[1] According to the Euromonitor database, the yogurt production in 2015 reached 27.7 million metric tonnes, a 1.2-fold increase compared with the yield in 2010. [2] Its popularity is not only due to various health claims and therapeutic effects but also for its sensory properties. The primary sensory attributes of yogurt include texture, colour, and flavour.…”
Considerable knowledge has been accumulated on the lactic acid bacteria (LAB) that affect the aroma and flavour of yogurt. This review focuses on the role of LAB in the production of flavour compounds during yogurt fermentation. The biochemical processes of flavour compound formation by LAB including glycolysis, proteolysis, and lipolysis are summarised, with some key compounds described in detail. The flavour-related activities of LAB mostly depend on the species used for yogurt fermentation, and some strategies have been developed to obtain more control of the flavourforming process. Metabolic engineering can be a powerful tool to reroute the metabolic flux towards the efficient accumulation of the desired flavour compounds with the knowledge of the complex network of flavour-forming pathways and the availability of genetic tools. Further progress made in the omics-based techniques and the use of systems biology approaches are needed to fully understand, control, and steer flavour formation in yogurt fermentation processes.
ARTICLE HISTORY
“…Sharma et al (2011) performed FMEA analysis to improve the reliability of a rotor support system of an aircraft engine. Reliability analysis of an automated yogurt production line was carried out by Tsarouhas and Arvanitoyannis (2014). Addabo et al (2016) modeled the availability and reliability of multicore controlled UPS.…”
Purpose
The demand of cement in India is expected to increase rapidly as the government has been giving immense boost to various housing facilities, infrastructure projects, road networks and railway corridors. One of the ways to meet this rise in the demand of cement is to increase the capacity utilization of the existing cement plants by improving their availability. The availability of a cement plant can be improved by avoiding failures and reducing maintenance time through reliability, availability and maintainability (RAM) analysis of its subsystems. The paper aims to discuss this issue.
Design/methodology/approach
The data related to time between failure (TBF) and time to repair (TTR) of all the critical subsystems of a cement plant were collected over a period of two years for carrying out RAM analysis. Trend test and serial correlation test were performed on TBF and TTR data to verify whether these data are independent and identically distributed or not. Afterwards, the authors use EasyFit 5.6 professional software to find best-fit distribution of TBF and TTR data and their parameters. The effectiveness of a preventive maintenance policy was evaluated by simulating the real and proposed systems.
Findings
The results of the analysis show that the raw mill and the coal mill are critical subsystems of a cement plant from a reliability point of view, whereas the kiln is a critical subsystem from an availability point of view. The analysis shows that the repair time of the cement mill should be reduced for improving the availability of the cement plant. The RAM analysis showed that the capacity of the case study company is 17 percent underutilized due to maintenance-related problems and 15 percent underutilized because of management-related problems.
Practical implications
The study exhibits the usage of RAM analysis in deciding preventive maintenance programs of several cement plant subsystems. Thus, it would serve as a reference for reliability and maintenance managers in deciding maintenance strategies of cement plants as well as in improving their capacity utilization.
Originality/value
The study exhibits the usage of RAM analysis in deciding preventive maintenance programs of several cement plant subsystems. Even more, using a simulation study, the authors show that preventive maintenance of the cement plant beyond a certain level can be disadvantageous as it leads to an increase in downtime and decrease in availability.
“…Maintainability is one of the main properties of reliability, defined as the ability of the system to prevent and detect the causes of its failures and also the ability to be restored to an operational condition [13]. It is defined as…”
This study analyzed the operational characteristics of the reliability and maintainability of the Projection Spot Welding (PSW) machine in the automotive industry. The components of the machine were grouped into three sub-systems: electrical, pneumatic, and hydraulic, and they were ordered into a hierarchical structural model for calculating reliability characteristics. The obtained maintenance lists and failure and repair data were studied and classified. Trend and serial correlation tests were carried out to select a proper modeling technique for each sub-system. Then, the reliability-maintainability model was constructed to estimate the failure behavior of the sub-systems, identify the best-fit distribution model, and calculate reliability characteristics. Finally, based on the calculated reliability characteristics, the preventive maintenance intervals for a different reliability level were calculated and requirements for increasing reliability were suggested. The analysis of the main structural sub-systems of the RSW machine showed that the hydraulic sub-system significantly affects the overall reliability level of the machine. However, the mean time to repair (MTTR) of the hydraulic sub-system is the lowest among other sub-systems. The analysis also found that the reliability of the electric and pneumatic sub-systems decreases by up to 50% after approximately 80h and 40h, respectively. The results of the study concluded that the reliability and maintainability analysis can improve the accuracy of preventive maintenance intervals and assess the reliability of each component of the RSW machine, which in turn can help reduce operating costs and extend the life of machine components.
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