Identification, in Western psychology, refers to an unconscious tendency to create a relationship of identity between oneself and significant others and is thought to be crucial for healthy psychological development. Within Eastern traditions, however, identification is viewed as a wider encompassing phenomenon, capable of occurring with any mental content and as an obstacle toward experiencing the true nature of the self. We developed the Self-with-Mind Identification Scale (SMIS) to measure a person's tendency to identify with both external objects as well as mental images, thoughts and emotions. We administered the scale to university students (N ϭ 260) alongside measures of well-being, attentive awareness, dissociation, and depersonalization. As predicted, a comparison of low versus high identification scorers revealed the former to score significantly higher on well-being and attentive awareness, but significantly lower on dissociation and depersonalization. To further examine the construct validity of the SMIS, we conducted an exploratory factor analysis on an extended sample (N ϭ 430). A 5-factor solution provided evidence for construct validity as well as the importance of emotional feelings in identification. Our findings support the validity of a more encompassing concept of identification and implicate further research regarding identification as a way to better understand self-awareness and its anomalies.