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Recer, Gregg M.; Browne, Marilyn L.; Horn, Edward G.; Hill, Kenneth M.; Boehler, William F.

doi:10.1023/a:1010816114787

Cited by 61 publications

(12 citation statements)

References 25 publications

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“…Penicillium Alternaria, Aspergillus, richoderma, Ulocladium) were identified [3]. It is worth mentioning that two fungal genera of Trichoderma and Ulocladium were not identified in the present study; one of the reasons that these two fungal species were not seen in this study is because of different climate conditions in Kashan city The bioaerosols concentrations emitted from A. fumigatus and thermophilic actinomycetes were measured in air downwind 500 m from an outdoor composting site [20]. So, the distance of composting site from the places where people live should be observed.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 60%

Identification of Fungal Communities in Producing Compost by Windrow Method

Dehghani¹,

Asadi²,

Charkhloo³

et al. 2012

JEP

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Considering the importance of fungal genera in producing compost from piling organic matter or biodegradable waste, this study aimed to identify the fungal species and their negative effect on human health during the compost production by windrow method. In this descriptive study, 99 compost samples were collected from the composting research site at Kashan University of medical sciences within 63 days from Oct 3 to Dec 4, 2010. Sixty-six samples were cultured to determine the fungal species and 33 samples were transferred to the laboratory to determine the physical and chemical parameters. Twenty-five fungal species were identified during the compost process including 15 saprophytes, 8 dermatophites, 1 opportunistic and 1 yeast fungi. Identified fungal species during the compost process according to their frequencies were Aspergillus spp (34.45%), Microsporium spp (18.89%), Trichophyton spp (8.89%), Yeast sp (6.67%), Mucor sp (5.56%), Penicillium sp (4.45%), Rhizopus sp (4.45%), Fusarium sp (3.34%), Cladosporium sp (3.34%), Curvularia sp (3.34%) and also other fungal species (6.62%), respectively. Considering the presence of various pathogenic fungi during the composting process, the employees of the compost factory should use individual protective devices and also due to the presence of 11 fungal species in the mature compost and their pathogenic effect, preventive measures should be taken by persons involved in the production of compost especially farmers, in order to prevent successive inhalation of spores.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 60%

Identification of Fungal Communities in Producing Compost by Windrow Method

Dehghani¹,

Asadi²,

Charkhloo³

et al. 2012

JEP

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“…Some authors did not expect finding elevated loads beyond a distance of 150 m from the facilities during normal operation (Reinthaler et al, 1997; Swan et al, 2003). In other studies, however, microbial concentrations fell to the background level only at distances further then 500 m (Hryhorczuk et al, 2001; Recer et al, 2001; Fischer et al, 2008). Le Goff et al (2012) compiled data obtained from 12 different sampling campaigns carried out at 11 composting plants at distances from 30 to 500 m, with samples collected during a turning activity.…”

Section: Dispersal Of Composting Aerosols In the Surroundingsmentioning

confidence: 80%

“…Aspergillus fumigatus is common in the environment but its concentration increases when there are sources of self-heating materials. For some authors, therefore, dominance of Aspergillus fumigatus in the downwind vicinity of a composting plant is an indication of the release of emissions from the plant (Recer et al, 2001; Taha et al, 2006; Albrecht et al, 2008; Pankhurst et al, 2011). The United Kingdom Composting Association has proposed a procedure for monitoring bioaerosols, based on the monitoring of two airborne groups, Aspergillus fumigatus and total mesophilic bacteria, at different upwind and downwind locations at a composting plant (Environment Agency, 2010).…”

Section: Dispersal Of Composting Aerosols In the Surroundingsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…However, some studies show the presence of bioaerosols at much greater distances (Recer et al, 2001; Kampfer et al, 2002; Fischer et al, 2008). Fischer et al (2008) observed that, in normal wind conditions and as a function of the site investigated, the concentrations of thermophilic actinomycetes and of thermotolerant fungi at a distance of 600–1400 m from the site were 1–2 orders of size greater than the background noise.…”

Section: Dispersal Of Composting Aerosols In the Surroundingsmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Bioaerosols from composting facilitiesâ€”a review

Wéry

2014

Front. Cell. Infect. Microbiol.

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Bioaerosols generated at composting plants are released during processes that involve the vigorous movement of material such as shredding, compost pile turning, or compost screening. Such bioaerosols are a cause of concern because of their potential impact on both occupational health and the public living in close proximity to such facilities. The biological hazards potentially associated with bioaerosol emissions from composting activities include fungi, bacteria, endotoxin, and 1-3 β-glucans. There is a major lack of knowledge concerning the dispersal of airborne microorganisms emitted by composting plants as well as the potential exposure of nearby residents. This is due in part to the difficulty of tracing specifically these microorganisms in air. In recent years, molecular tools have been used to develop new tracers which should help in risk assessments. This review summarizes current knowledge of microbial diversity in composting aerosols and of the associated risks to health. It also considers methodologies introduced recently to enhance understanding of bioaerosol dispersal, including new molecular indicators and modeling.

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“…Bioaerosol dispersion is affected by a number of factors, for example individual bioaerosol properties and geographical and meteorological conditions (Recer et al 2001;Sanchez-Monedero et al 2005;Taha et al 2006). The effect of environmental conditions on bioaerosol dispersion could explain the discrepancy between the average bacterial concentration in the compost-application sample and in samples taken 10 and 20 m downwind.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Bioaerosol emissions arising during application of municipal solid-waste compost

et al. 2008

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Although application of composted municipal waste has its benefits, there are also concerns about a range of adverse effects. Bioaerosol emissions are one cause of concern because of related health problems. To assess the concentration of bioaerosols emitted during application of compost, fungi and bacteria were collected using an Andersen biosampler. Temperature and relative humidity were also recorded at each location. Total bacterial concentrations averaged 2,887 cfu/m 3 for background samples and 6,727 cfu/m 3 for compost-application samples, which constitutes a significant difference. The mean concentration of fungi during application of compost was three times greater than the background, but the difference was not significant. Concentrations of total bacteria in compost-application samples decreased significantly with increasing humidity. These results indicated that bioaerosol emissions as a result of application of compost could increase levels of exposure to bacteria and pose a potential health risk for exposed individuals.

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Untitled

Cited by 61 publications

References 25 publications

Identification of Fungal Communities in Producing Compost by Windrow Method

Identification of Fungal Communities in Producing Compost by Windrow Method

Bioaerosols from composting facilitiesâ€”a review

Bioaerosol emissions arising during application of municipal solid-waste compost

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