“…However, most standard forest models do not include an ingrowth explicit submodel. Among others, CACTOS (Wensel et al, 1987), DFSIM (Curtis et al, 1981;Curtis et al, 1982), FVS (Wykoff, 1990) and ORGANON in North America; SILVA (Pretzsch et al, 2002) or GLOBTREE (Soares and Tomé, 2003) in Europe; and other models and yield tables developed recently (e.g., Rojo and Montero, 1996;Montero et al, 2001;Bravo and Montero, 2003;Valbuena et al, 2008) do not consider an ingrowth model. Relevant exceptions are some of the FVS variants (e.g., Northern Idaho) do have a recruitment prediction submodel (Ferguson and Crookston, 1991) while PROGNAUS, developed to Austrian forests (Ledermann, 2002;Monserud et al, 2005) and the model developed to Nandewar Bio-Region forests in Australia by Muhairwe (Muhairwe, 2003).…”