Yield and Yield Attributes Responses of Soybean (Glycine max L. Merrill) to Elevated CO2 and Arbuscular Mycorrhizal Fungi Inoculation in the Humid Transitory Rainforest

Abstract

Variations in yield components and grain yield of arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi (AMF) inoculated soybean varieties (Glycine max L. Merrill) grown in CO 2 enriched environment in the humid rainforest were tested. A screen house trial was established with soybean varieties ('TGx 1448-2E', 'TGx 1440-1E' and 'TGx 1740-2F'), AMF inoculation (with and without) and CO 2 enrichment (350±50 ppm and 550±50 ppm) in open top chamber, arranged in completely randomised design, replicated three times. A field trial was also conducted; the treatments were arranged in a split-split plot configuration fitted into randomised complete block design. In the main plot the variant was CO 2 enrichment, the sub-plot consisted of AMF inoculation (with and without), while the sub-sub plot consisted of soybean varieties, replicated three times. Both trials had significantly higher grain yield at elevated CO 2 than ambient. This could be attributed to improved yield attributes, more spore count and root colonisation. In both trials, inoculated soybean had significantly higher dry pod weight than un-inoculated, which could suggest the increased grain yield observed on the field. AMF inoculated soybean varieties outperformed uninoculated in both CO 2 enriched and ambient concentrations. AMF inoculated soybean variety 'TGx 1740-2F' is most preferable in CO 2 enriched environment, while variety 'TGx 1448-2E' had the most stable grain yield in all growth environments.

Effects of elevated carbon dioxide on arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi activities and soil microbial properties in soybean (Glycine max L. Merrill) rhizosphere

“…The present study also revealed increased seed yield and yield attributes of the soybean cultivars under elevated CO 2 . The result was in consistent with previous reports (Sakariyawo et al, 2016;Adeyemi et al, 2017). This positive response could be attributed to enhance net photosynthesis and dry matter accumulation prior to the formation of the yield attributes, resulting in improve seed yield.…”

“…Being a C 3 plant and a crop with high phosphorus (P) demand may be more sensitive to elevated CO 2 compared to other non-leguminous crops (Rogers et al, 2006). Soybean is reported to respond positively to elevated CO 2 with higher productivity (Ziska and Bunce, 2000;Sakariyawo et al, 2016;Adeyemi et al, 2017). Previous researchers have focused their studies on above ground changes in response to elevated CO 2 , but recently some of the findings revealed that elevated CO 2 could also influence below ground microbial properties, which in turn affects plant productivity (Bhattacharyya et al, 2016).…”

Inoculation of arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi improve soil chemical properties, growth and symbiotic N2 -fixation in soybean (Glycine max L.) cultivars under field condition with low phosphorus availability

“…The increased soil availability and content of N and P might have also favoured leaf area expansion needed for light interception during photosynthesis (Pablo-Barbieri et al, 2008;Otie et al, 2019). The N and P is also essential for yield formation because of their essential role in plant metabolic processes and assimilate partitioning (Akmal et al, 2010).…”

Seed Metabolism and Pathogen Resistance Enhancement in Pisum sativum During Colonization of Arbuscular Mycorrhizal Fungi: An Integrative Metabolomics-Proteomics Approach

“…Like in our previous study (Ranjbar Sistani et al, 2017), which focused on effects of bacterial (Rhizobium) symbiosis on pea seeds, here, we found that AMF had a significant impact on seed yield, seed (FW and DW) per seed, TSW (FW and DW), seed (FW) per plant, pod weight, and pod size. In earlier studies, the notable influence of AMF root colonization on seed yield enhancement (Cely et al, 2016;Adeyemi et al, 2017), seed weight per plant (Abdel-Fattah et al, 2016), pod weight (Abdel-Fattah et al, 2016;Adeyemi et al, 2017), and hundredseeds weight (Kavitha and Nelson, 2014;Abdel-Fattah et al, 2016) has been observed. Specific proteins such as glutamine synthetase (N-metabolism), enolase (glycolysis), the protein disulfide isomerase (redox), malate dehydrogenase (TCA cycle), peptidyl-prolyl cis-trans isomerase (cell) were remarkably enhanced in seed proteome of M vs. NM pea plants.…”