Yield and symbiotic nitrogen fixation in a pea-mustard intercrop as influenced by N fertilizer addition

Waterer, John; Vessey, J. Kevin; Stobbe, E. H.; Soper, R. J.

doi:10.1016/0038-0717(94)90176-7

Cited by 56 publications

(35 citation statements)

References 13 publications

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“…light interception ability (Midmore 1993) and/or root system distribution (Hauggaard-Nielsen et al 2001c) and can be critical parameters for the interactions between intercropped species. Fertilizer N increased wheat interspecific competitive ability but reduced LER in conformity with other findings (Martin and Snaydon 1982;Tobita et al 1994;Waterer et al 1994). The heterogeneous distribution of soil mineral N in time and space in agricultural settings requires a dynamic crop respond.…”

Section: Symbiotic Nitrogen Fixationsupporting

confidence: 80%

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Intercropping of Wheat and Pea as Influenced by Nitrogen Fertilization

Ghaley

Hauggaard-Nielsen

Høgh‐Jensen³

et al. 2005

Nutr Cycl Agroecosyst

120

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The effect of sole and intercropping of field pea (Pisum sativum L.) and spring wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) on crop yield, fertilizer and soil nitrogen (N) use was tested on a sandy loam soil at three levels of urea fertilizer N (0, 4 and 8 g N m À2 ) applied at sowing. The 15 N enrichment and natural abundance techniques were used to determine N accumulation in the crops from the soil, fertilizer and symbiotic N 2 fixation. Intercrops of pea and wheat showed maximum productivity without the supply of N fertilizer. Intercropping increased total dry matter (DM) and N yield, grain DM and N yield, grain N concentration, the proportion of N derived from symbiotic N 2 fixation, and soil N accumulation. With increasing fertilizer N supply, intercropped and sole cropped wheat responded with increased yield, grain N yield and soil N accumulation, whereas the opposite was the case for pea. Fertilizer N enhanced the competitive ability of intercropped wheat recovering up to 90% of the total intercrop fertilizer N acquisition and decreased the proportion of pea in the intercrop, but without influencing the total intercrop grain yield. As a consequence, Land Equivalent Ratios calculated on basis of total DM production decreased from a maximum of 1.34 to as low as 0.85 with increased fertilizer N supply. The study suggests that pea-wheat intercropping is a cropping strategy that use N sources efficiently due to its spatial self-regulating dynamics where pea improve its interspecific competitive ability in areas with lower soil N levels, and vice versa for wheat, paving way for future option to reduce N inputs and negative environmental impacts of agricultural crop production.

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Section: Symbiotic Nitrogen Fixationsupporting

confidence: 80%

“…The improved use of resources results in greater total intercrop yields as compared to sole crops of the same species grown on the same area. This is due to differences in competitive ability for growth factors between intercrop components in time and space (Vandermeer 1989;Izaurralde et al 1992;Waterer et al 1994).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Intercropping of Wheat and Pea as Influenced by Nitrogen Fertilization

Ghaley

Hauggaard-Nielsen

Høgh‐Jensen³

et al. 2005

Nutr Cycl Agroecosyst

120

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“…Similar observations were made by Hauggaard-Nielsen et al (2001a), Ofori and Stern (1987) and Waterer et al (1994). Ofori and Stern (1987) reviewed the influence of applied N on various intercropping systems.…”

Section: Diversity and Crop Performance -Total Biomass Production Andsupporting

confidence: 79%

Biomass production, symbiotic nitrogen fixation and inorganic N use in dual and tri-component annual intercrops

Andersen¹,

2005

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5The interspecific complementary and competitive interactions between pea (Pisum sativum L.), barley (Hordenum vulgare L.) and rape (Brassica napus L.), grown as dual and tricomponent intercrops were assessed in a field study in Denmark. Focus was on total biomass production and N use at two levels of N fertilisation (0.5 and 4.0 g N / m2 ), 10 measured at 5 harvest throughout a growing season. All intercrops displayed land equivalent ratio values close to or exceeding unity, indicating complementary use of growth resources. Whereas both rape and barley responded positively to increased N fertilisation, irrespective of whether they were grown as sole-or intercrops, pea was strongly suppressed when grown in intercrop. A suppression of pea that, in both the pea-15 barley and pea-rape intercrops, lead to a decrease in total uptake of N, most likely resulting from reduced N 2 fixation. Of the three crops barley was clearly the strongest competitor for both soil and fertilizer N, rape intermediate and pea the weakest. Faster initial growth of barley than both pea and rape gave barley an initial competitive advantage, an advantage that in the two dual intercrops was strengthened by the addition of N. Apparently the 20 competitive superiority of barley was less strong in the tri-component intercrop, indicating that the impact of the dominant may have been diminished through indirect facilitation.Interspecific competition had a promoting effect on N 2 fixation of pea, and most so at low N fertilisation. Results indicate that the benefits achieved from the association of a legume and nonlegume, in terms of N 2 fixed were greatest when pea was grown in association with rape as opposed to barley which could indicate that the benefits achieved from the association of a legume and nonlegume are partly lost if the nonlegume is too strong a competitor.5

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“…Long-term studies in the field have produced results of a similar order of magnitude for older pasture plants (Soussana & Hartwig 1996;Høgh-Jensen & Schjoerring 2001), as well as for some grain legumes (Sawatsky & Soper 1991;Jensen 1996c), with substantial uptake by companion non-legume crop species (Jensen 1996a). The significance of transfer of fixed N under field conditions within a season, for temperate inter-cropping systems, has yet to be clearly defined; reports from the limited data available are mixed (Danso et al 1987;Papastylianou 1988;Cowell et al 1989;Izaurralde et al 1992;Waterer et al 1994;Jensen 1996b). Overall, the amount of transfer will, of course, depend on plant species and plant age, as well as on the abiotic and biotic environment (Fujita et al 1992).…”

Section: O P T I M I Z I N G U S E E F F I C I E N C Y O F N I T Ro Gmentioning

confidence: 99%

Nitrogen and sulphur management: challenges for organic sources in temperate agricultural systems

McNeill¹,

Eriksen²,

Bergström³

et al. 2005

Soil Use and Management

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Abstract. A current global trend towards intensification or specialization of agricultural enterprises has been accompanied by increasing public awareness of associated environmental consequences. Air and water pollution from losses of nutrients, such as nitrogen (N) and sulphur (S), are a major concern. Governments have initiated extensive regulatory frameworks, including various land use policies, in an attempt to control or reduce the losses. This paper presents an overview of critical input and loss processes affecting N and S for temperate climates, and provides some background to the discussion in subsequent papers evaluating specific farming systems. Management effects on potential gaseous and leaching losses, the lack of synchrony between supply of nutrients and plant demand, and options for optimizing the efficiency of N and S use are reviewed. Integration of inorganic and organic fertilizer inputs and the equitable re-distribution of nutrients from manure are discussed. The paper concludes by highlighting a need for innovative research that is also targeted to practical approaches for reducing N and S losses, and improving the overall synchrony between supply and demand.

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Yield and symbiotic nitrogen fixation in a pea-mustard intercrop as influenced by N fertilizer addition

Cited by 56 publications

References 13 publications

Intercropping of Wheat and Pea as Influenced by Nitrogen Fertilization

Intercropping of Wheat and Pea as Influenced by Nitrogen Fertilization

Biomass production, symbiotic nitrogen fixation and inorganic N use in dual and tri-component annual intercrops

Nitrogen and sulphur management: challenges for organic sources in temperate agricultural systems

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