Yield and Quality Stabilities of Waxy Maize Genotypes using Biplot Analysis

Abstract

This study was conducted to determine the stability of the potential genotypes of waxy Corn (10 candidates, 2 standard varieties) in terms of yield, yield components and quality characteristics in various environments over a period of two years under Samsun conditions. Biplot analysis of GGE and AMMI was used to determine the stability of genotypes. Mean grain yields of genotypes ranged from 8560.6 to 17290.6 kg ha -1 , number of days to flowering from 71.3 to 77.5 days, plant height from 251.7 to 295.0 cm, the height of first ear from 85.3 to 98.3 cm, grain ear ratio from 81.3 to 85.5%, grain moisture content from 20.5 to 25.0%, single ear weight from 145 to 286.3 g, the number of ears per plant from 0.9 to 1.0 ear plant -1 , 1000 grain weight from 317.7 to 402.2 g, hectoliter from 76.9 to 79.3%, crude protein ratio from 9.4 to 10.4%, crude oil content from 3.3 to 5.0%, total starch ratio from 57.5 to 60.0%, carbohydrate ratio from 69.6 to 71.6%, and energy value from 383.8 to 393.7 kcal. The result of the analysis of variance showed that yield, yield components and chemical composition of corn varieties significantly (p>0.01) different between genotypes (G), environments (E) and genotype x environment (GE) interactions. A significant difference in yield, yield components, and quality characteristics of waxy Corn genotypes was shown by the biplot (AMMI and GGE) multivariate analysis. Compared with other genotypes evaluated, the yield and stability of the ADAX11 and ADAX18 genotypes were higher. In addition, in the scientific and precise assessment of the high yield, stability, and adaptations of the waxy Corn hybrids, the AMMI model and GGE biplot analysis provide great ease for Corn breeders.

A comparative study on single and multiple trait selections of equatorial grown maize hybrids

“…Fotso et al (2018) conducted a study that investigated the response of cassava to multiple pests and diseases, utilizing AMMI and GGE biplot to evaluate the impact of these biotic stresses on cassava growth and development. Besides being intended to evaluate the stability of genotypes against changes in environmental conditions, AMMI and GGE biplots are also commonly used in evaluating plant nutrient levels such as the stability test of high quality maize protein (lysine and tryptophan) under distinct environments (precipitation, soil and temperature range; Kumar et al, 2020), rich pro-vitamin A and dry matter contents (Esuma et al, 2016), enriched amylopectin content of waxy maize grown in a temperate climate (Ozata, 2021), yield stability of purple maize parental lines with a high level of anthocyanin content (Mufidah et al, 2021) as well as evaluation of green ear yield and green fodder yield of prospective baby corn (Choudhary et al, 2020).…”