Yield and quality components in maize grown for silage

Thomson, A. J.; Rogers, H. H.

doi:10.1017/s0021859600014921

Cited by 20 publications

(13 citation statements)

References 15 publications

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“…Differences between genotypes in silage composition were generally small, and there were few instances in which the interaction between genotype and plant density was significant. These results are in agreement with those of Thomson & Rogers (1968). Andrieu (1976) attributed the relarively small genotypic variation in digestibility of organic matter in vivo to the narrow genetic base from which European maize hybrids are derived.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 90%

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The development of plant components and their effects on the composition of fresh and ensiled forage maize: 2. The effect of genotype, plant density and date of harvest on the composition of maize silage

Wilkinson

Phipps²

1979

J. Agric. Sci.

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Forage maize was harvested on three occasions from three genotypes (Inra 200, LG11 and Anjou 210), grown at three plant densities (5-0, 9-8 and 13-5 plants/m 2 ). Three replicate silos were filled with 8 kg fresh crop per treatment, sealed, and stored for 100 days.Crops from all treatments fermented to give predominantly lactic acid, low values for pH (average 3-9, range 3-7-4-1), with no butyric acid. Apparent loss of watersoluble carbohydrates during storage appeared to be directly related to their content at harvest.Genotype and plant density had relatively little effect on the composition of the silage, or on digestibility in vitro. Later harvest was reflected in increased contents of dry matter and starch, and in restricted fermentation. The content of digestible organic matter in the D.M. was decreased by later harvest.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 90%

“…Differences due to plant density in composition and digestibility in vitro of the silages were generally small. Thomson & Rogers (1968) also noted little effect on DOMD in vitro of fresh maize when crops were grown at 11 compared with 22 plants/m 2 . However increasing plant density was reflected in reductions in the contents of D.M.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 90%

The development of plant components and their effects on the composition of fresh and ensiled forage maize: 2. The effect of genotype, plant density and date of harvest on the composition of maize silage

Wilkinson

Phipps²

1979

J. Agric. Sci.

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“…The belief that maize hybrids which produce high grain yields would also be the most valuable as forages was questioned initially by Thomson & Rogers (1968). Other workers (Bunting & Gunn, 1973;Daynard & Hunter, 1975) found that the digestibility of whole-plant maize prior to ensiling did not appear to be affected by its grain content.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The development of plant components in isogenic sterile and fertile forage maize and their effects on carbohydrate composition, nutritive value, in vivo digestibility values and animal performance with fresh and ensiled crops

Phipps¹,

McAllan²,

Weller³

1984

J. Agric. Sci.

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SummaryIsogenic fertile and sterile forage maize (cv. LG 11) grown in separate fields were harvested at regular intervals during growth between mid-July and early October 1979. Leaf, stem and ear components and whole plant (before and after ensiling) were examined for changes in the concentration of dry matter (D.M.), soluble sugars, starch, hemicellulose, cellulose, neutral detergent fibre (NDF) and acid detergent fibre (ADF). In vitro digestibility values for D.M., organic matter (OM) and OM in the D.M. were also determined in fresh and ensiled whole crops.Prior to ensiling the concentration of non-structural carbohydrates in the two crops was markedly different. Fresh fertile plants contained (as g/kg D.M.) 369 and 101 of starch and soluble sugars respectively. Corresponding values for sterile plants were 54 and 343 respectively. Sucrose was the most abundant soluble sugar present and contributed 64 and 74% of the totals in fertile and sterile plants respectively, prior to ensiling. Increases in plant D.M. during growth were significantly affected by the deposition of starch and are described by the following equation:y = 13·6 + 0·49 (±0·073) x(r = 0·93)where y = whole-crop D.M. concentration and x = starch concentration in D.M. The concentrations of hemicellulose and cellulose of both types of fresh plants were similar but those of ADF and NDF were lower in sterile plants. Xylose was the major constituent neutral sugar in the hemicellulose fraction and formed 68 and 76% of the total hemicellulose in the fertile and sterile plants, respectively. In vitro digestibility values of sterile plants tended to be higher than their fertile counterparts.After ensiling, the concentration of soluble sugar in the sterile and fertile crops decreased from 343 to 8 g/kg D.M. and 101 to 5 g/kg D.M. respectively. The in vitro DOMD values of the sterile and fertile crops decreased by 16 and 11 percentage units respectively; both final values were recorded as 61.In vivo digestibility values determined in 18-month-old wether sheep fed at maintenance, for NDF, ADF, cellulose, hemicellulose, nitrogen, OM, D.M. and OM in D.M. were 60·2, 58·0, 65·8, 64·1, 32·9, 66·6, 65·4 and 63·7 respectively for fertile plant silage. These were all markedly lower than the corresponding values for the sterile plant silage which were 68·3, 70·3, 74·8, 73·3, 60·3, 71·3, 69·6 and 67·7 respectively. Within the hemicellulose fraction the digestibility values for xylose in both sterile and fertile plant silage were considerably lower than the values recorded for either arabinose or galactose. In vitro digestibility values for D.M., OM and OM in the D.M. were similar to in vivo values for fertile plant silage but were lower than in vivo values for sterile plant silage.Dairy herd replacement heifers (aged 3–6 months) had higher D.M. intakes when given fertile plant silage ad libitum than with sterile plant silage. However, the liveweight gains of the heifers on sterile and fertile plant silage differed little.

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“…Information on the chemical composition of the plant components and digestibility determined in wityo at several stages during growth has been reported for grain and forage maize crops grown in Europe (e.g. Thomson & Rogers, 1968;Deinum & Dirven, 1971 ;Adelana & Milbourn, 1972; Bunting, 1975) as well as in Canada (Daynard & Hunter, 1975) , 1974~). As the grain maturity approaches, the content of starch in the grain increases and the soluble carbohydrate content falls.…”

Section: O M P O N E N T S Of T H E P L a N Tmentioning

confidence: 99%

The feeding value of maize: a review

Campling

1977

Annals of Applied Biology

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Yield and quality components in maize grown for silage

Cited by 20 publications

References 15 publications

The development of plant components and their effects on the composition of fresh and ensiled forage maize: 2. The effect of genotype, plant density and date of harvest on the composition of maize silage

The development of plant components and their effects on the composition of fresh and ensiled forage maize: 2. The effect of genotype, plant density and date of harvest on the composition of maize silage

The development of plant components in isogenic sterile and fertile forage maize and their effects on carbohydrate composition, nutritive value, in vivo digestibility values and animal performance with fresh and ensiled crops

The feeding value of maize: a review

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