Yield and characteristics of shale oil from the retorting of oil shale and fine oil-shale ash mixtures

Niu, Mengting; Wang, Sha; Han, Xiangxin; Jiang, Xiumin

doi:10.1016/j.apenergy.2013.04.089

Cited by 91 publications

(60 citation statements)

References 31 publications

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“…During oil shale pyrolysis, the microscopic pore structures and physicochemical properties of oil shale change significantly when volatile matter is generated. The complex microscopic porous structure of oil shale not only affects its physical properties (i.e., mechanical, transport and adsorption properties) but also controls the reactant input and product output during oil shale pyrolysis: (1) the internal microstructural changes of the residues determine the mass transport of volatile matter; (2) the surface area and pore structure developed within the residues significantly influence its reactivity with the gas during pyrolysis [3][4][5]; (3) the ultimate structure of the residue has a significant impact on both ash formation and the emission of pollutants [6]; (4) the characteristics of the residues, particularly the ash structure, determine its secondary uses, which include building materials, chemical filling materials, and adsorbents [7,8]; and (5) the pore structure evolution during oil shale pyrolysis is essential for heat transfer and the flow of oil/gas, particularly during the in-situ conversion of the oil shale [9][10][11]. Therefore, it is important to determine the pore structure evolution to elucidate the pyrolysis process and to provide a mathematical description for it.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Evaluation of the porous structure of Huadian oil shale during pyrolysis using multiple approaches

Bai

Sun

Liu

et al. 2017

Fuel

135

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Evaluation of the porous structure of Huadian oil shale during pyrolysis using multiple approaches

Bai

Sun

Liu

et al. 2017

Fuel

135

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“…Contents of C and H are important indicators for the quality of any petroleum liquid including shale oil . For commercial shale oil, the average contents of C and H are 77.45 and 9.7% respectively, while the H/C atomic ratio is 1.5 .…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 55%

“…They concluded that, the level of extracted oil was 7.6% while the sum of aliphatic and aromatics compounds were 80% . In a different study, shale oil was thermally extracted from kerogen‐rich oil shale and the results indicated the presence of 55% aliphatics with aromatics making 12% of the extracted oil . Shale oil produced by thermal retorting has a comparable structure with commercial crude oil except the high percentage of polar compounds in the former .…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Structural characterization of shale oil obtained by Soxhlet extraction

Al-Saqarat

Al‐Degs

Musleh

et al. 2019

Env Prog and Sustain Energy

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Organic matter recovery by solvent extraction has been the focus of numerous research area. In this work, recovery of organic matter from oil shale was evaluated by using Soxhelt extraction. Better oil extraction was reported after preheating of the shale to 300°C in inert atmosphere. The extracted oil was fractionated to asphaltenes, aliphatics, aromatics, and polar compounds with percentages of 4.2%, 52.6%, 20.9%, and 22.3% respectively. Compared with thermal retorting, the oil obtained by solvent extraction has higher aliphatics and polar compounds. Following a proper design of experiments, oil recovery was correlated with the following experimental factors:Extraction OM% = 7.39 + 2.23 Temp + 0.20 Mass – 0.34 PS − 0.022 Ext Time + 0.13 Temp × Mass – 0.28 Temp × PS – 0.30 Mass × PS. The results indicated that preheating temperature and mass of oil shale were positively correlated with oil extraction. However, particle size/preheating temperature and mass/particle size were negatively interacted for better oil extraction. Optimum conditions for oil recovery were accomplished using tetrahydrofuran at solid‐to‐liquid ratio of 50:1 g/mL, particle size 200−250 μm, and extraction time of 8.0 hr.

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“…6 (2) The shale oil yield of the FsOSR process is about 60−75%. 7 (3) The economic performance of the FsOSR process is unsatisfactory. Its return on investment is lower than 12% in general.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Development of a Coupling Oil Shale Retorting Process of Gas and Solid Heat Carrier Technologies

et al. 2015

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Oil shale is one of the most potential alternative resources for crude oil. Its exploration and exploitation are of increasing interest. In China, oil shale is mainly used by retorting technology. Fushun-type retorting technology, a typical gas heat carrier retorting technology, accounts for the largest proportion in China. However, this retorting technology is only applicable of coarse oil shale particles bigger than 10 mm in diameter. A lot of fine oil shale particles are discarded, resulting in waste of resources. Besides, this technology is criticized by low economic benefit. The main objective of this paper is to develop a coupling oil shale retorting process. The novel process can use fine oil shale particles as the raw materials of solid heat carrier retort to produce more shale oil. The novel process is modeled, and next, the simulation is carried out to build its mass and energy balance. From the techno-economic point of view, the advantages of the novel process are demonstrated by comparison to the traditional Fushun-type oil shale retorting process. Results indicate that the novel process is promising because coupling the two retorting process can increase the shale oil production from 13.86 to 17.34 t/h, the exergy efficiency from 32.46 to 38.01%, and the return on investment from 11.04 to 18.23%.

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Yield and characteristics of shale oil from the retorting of oil shale and fine oil-shale ash mixtures

Cited by 91 publications

References 31 publications

Evaluation of the porous structure of Huadian oil shale during pyrolysis using multiple approaches

Evaluation of the porous structure of Huadian oil shale during pyrolysis using multiple approaches

Structural characterization of shale oil obtained by Soxhlet extraction

Development of a Coupling Oil Shale Retorting Process of Gas and Solid Heat Carrier Technologies

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