Yi-Gan San for Treatment of Charles Bonnet Syndrome (Visual Hallucination Due to Vision Loss)

Miyaoka, Tsuyoshi; Furuya, Motohide; Liaury, Kristian; Wake, Rei; Kimura, Kazunori; Nagahama, Michiharu; Kawano, Kiminori; Ieda, Masa; Tsuchie, Keiko; Horiguchi, Jun

doi:10.1097/wnf.0b013e318206785a

Cited by 17 publications

(12 citation statements)

References 30 publications

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“…An open-label study reported the efficacy of YKS on visual hallucinations due to vision loss in patients with Charles Bonnet syndrome in 2011 33. Three reports have suggested the potential for use in persons with schizophrenia-related diseases 17,19,20.…”

Section: Controlled Human Studiesmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Yokukan-san: a review of the evidence for use of this Kampo herbal formula in dementia and psychiatric conditions

Okamoto¹,

Iyo²,

Ueda³

et al. 2014

NDT

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Japanese traditional herbal medicine (Kampo) has its origins in traditional Chinese medicine (TCM). It was introduced to Japan in the middle of the sixth century and has evolved over the past 1,400 years after combining with Japan’s original folk remedies. While it retains some similarities to TCM, Kampo has evolved in Japan, resulting in a system of medicine that has many differences from TCM. Kampo medicine is considered to be very safe; in Japan, Kampo herbal formulas are manufactured by licensed pharmaceutical companies, prescribed by Western-trained medical doctors (usually as a freeze-dried extract), and have quality control standards similar to those of prescription drugs. The present study examined Yokukan-san (Yi-Gan San in TCM), a Kampo formula that has been used empirically in Japan for more than 400 years. Accumulating clinical trials have demonstrated Yokukan-san’s efficacy in treating patients with behavioral and psychological symptoms of dementia, which has resulted in the Japanese Society of Neurology listing it in the Japanese Guidelines for the Management of Dementia 2010. Efficacy in other diseases and conditions, such as sleep disorders, tardive dyskinesia, aggression, and impulsivity has also been reported. This article reviews both clinical and basic studies of Yokukan-san, with the goal of clarifying its clinical indications.

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Section: Controlled Human Studiesmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Gastrointestinal complaints have been reported in the elderly5,11,13 and the non-elderly;17–19,33,34 however, these complaints are mild and transient. Mild elevation of blood liver enzymes was observed in one case 9…”

Section: Adverse Effectsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Yokukan-san: a review of the evidence for use of this Kampo herbal formula in dementia and psychiatric conditions

Okamoto¹,

Iyo²,

Ueda³

et al. 2014

NDT

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…A prospective, single-arm, open-label study reported the efficacy of YKS in treating visual hallucinations in patients with Charles Bonnet syndrome [11]. A prospective, cross-over, open-label study in Huntington's disease patients showed a significant decrease in motor assessment scores following eight weeks of YKS treatment [12].…”

Section: Yokukansan (Yks) Is a Kampo Formula Consisting Of Seven Herbsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Treatment of Dementia-related Symptoms with Japanese Traditional Medicine (Kampo): A Review of Clinical Studies

Okamoto¹

2017

J Alzheimers Dis Parkinsonism

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“…This result suggests that an adjunction of yokukansan might be effective for treatment-resistant schizophrenia 34. Furthermore, based on an experience of successful treatment of visual hallucination due to vision loss,35 a 4-week, open-label study was initiated to investigate the monotherapeutic effect of yokukansan in treating Charles Bonnet Syndrome (CBS) 36. A significant decrease of visual hallucination was revealed by psychometrics, including the Neuropsychiatric Inventory (NPI), the hallucination subscale of the PANSS, and Clinical Global Impression (CGI).…”

Section: Yokukansanmentioning

confidence: 99%

Yokukansan and its ingredients as possible treatment options for schizophrenia

Ishii

et al. 2014

NDT

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Schizophrenia is a debilitating psychotic mental disorder that affects almost the entire range of human mental function. The devastating effect of the illness is usually long-lasting and requires lifelong treatment. Despite an evolved psychopharmacological understanding, the overall therapeutic effect of antipsychotics is still not satisfactory. The choice of proper medication presents a clinical dilemma between efficacy and safety. As a result, searching for comparable treatment options with safer profiles is very important. Yokukansan (TJ-54), also called yi-gan san in Chinese, is a traditional herbal medicine with evident therapeutic effect for neuropsychiatric disorders. There are several open-label clinical studies upholding the possibility of using yokukansan to treat schizophrenia or schizophrenia-like psychosis. Evidence from animal studies and neurobiology also sheds light on the antipsychotic implications of yokukansan and its ingredients. Nevertheless, correlations between the experimental environment and clinical settings may be complicated by a number of confounders. Clinical trials with more sophisticated designs are required to fill the gap between the experimental environment and clinical settings.

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Yi-Gan San for Treatment of Charles Bonnet Syndrome (Visual Hallucination Due to Vision Loss)

Abstract: Yi-gan san may be an effective and safe therapy to control visual hallucination in patients with CBS and should be further tested in double-blind, placebo-controlled trials. Given the design characteristics of this trial, the present findings should be taken cautiously.

Cited by 17 publications

References 30 publications

Yokukan-san: a review of the evidence for use of this Kampo herbal formula in dementia and psychiatric conditions

Yokukan-san: a review of the evidence for use of this Kampo herbal formula in dementia and psychiatric conditions

Treatment of Dementia-related Symptoms with Japanese Traditional Medicine (Kampo): A Review of Clinical Studies

Yokukansan and its ingredients as possible treatment options for schizophrenia

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