Yersinia enterocolitica and Yersinia pseudotuberculosis

Molecular typing of Yersinia pseudotuberculosis strains isolated from livestock in Brazil

“…In a global analysis of all Y. pseudotuberculosis strains listed in the Y. pseudotuberculosis MLST database including the strains of this study, it was observed that the Y. pseudotuberculosis O:3 strains were distributed into 17 different STs (3,4,14,19,25,30,32,43,50,57,58,59,60,61,62,63,and 64). These strains were isolated globally from human and nonhuman sources and are described as having low pathogenic potential (Fukushima et al, 2001;Fredriksson-Ahomaa, 2007;Laukkanen-Ninios et al, 2011). Despite the low pathogenicity characteristic of Y. pseudotuberculosis O:3 strains isolated around the world, some Y. pseudotuberculosis O:3 strains isolated in Brazil were responsible for severe and sometimes fatal diarrhea in cattle (Warth et al, 2012).…”

“…In addition, the Y. pseudotuberculosis O:1a strains deposited in the Y. pseudotuberculosis MLST database were typed into seven STs (9, 12, 16, 42, 43, 85, and 86) and have also been isolated worldwide from human and nonhuman sources (Fredriksson-Ahomaa, 2007;Laukkanen-Ninios et al, 2011). Unlike the Y. pseudotuberculosis O:3 strains, the Y. pseudotuberculosis O:1a strains are classified as severe gastroenteritis pathogenic strains (Fukushima et al, 2001).…”

“…pseudotuberculosis is widely spread in the environment, where it can survive for a long time. Soil and water may be contaminated by the feces of infected animals, mainly rodents and birds (Fredriksson-Ahomaa, 2007). The transmission of Y. pseudotuberculosis occurs primarily through the fecal-oral route.…”

“…Yersinia pseudotuberculosis is one of the most important pathogenic species of the genus Yersinia and is able to infect a wide range of hosts, causing enteric disease in humans and animals in both sporadic and outbreak cases (Fukushima et al, 2001;Fredriksson-Ahomaa, 2007). The pathogenicity of Y. pseudotuberculosis is determined by the presence of the Yersinia virulence plasmid (pYV), the high-pathogenicity island (HPI), and the Y. pseudotuberculosis-derived mitogen (YPM) (Fukushima et al, 2001).…”

“…The transmission of Y. pseudotuberculosis occurs primarily through the fecal-oral route. The clinical manifestations can vary from mild enteritis to extra-intestinal symptoms and septicemia (Fredriksson-Ahomaa, 2007;Schriefer and Petersen, 2011). The most common symptoms are fever, abdominal pain, vomiting, diarrhea, and bloody stools.…”