Yellow fever epidemics and mortality in the United States, 1693–1905

Demographic History, Genetic Load, and the Efficacy of Selection in the Globally Invasive Mosquito Aedes aegypti

“…In South America, our ordering of estimated population splits is consistent with results from PCA: Cali and Brazil most recently split (875 years ago), followed by Río Claro and Brazil (983 years ago), and finally Río Claro and Cali (1,613 years ago). These splits are well before the proposed introductions to the Americas, which occurred no earlier than roughly 400 years ago ( Patterson 1992 ; Eisen and Moore 2013 ). Differences among these split times will reflect ancestral population structure but are likely inconsistent with a simple bifurcating tree, suggesting possible migration after their introduction.…”

“…As a whole, US populations experienced deeper and more recent bottlenecks than the South American populations, consistent with later introductions and an earlier introduction in Florida than in California, though the differences in N e between the US clusters are minimal. The apparent earlier introduction in Florida with a lowest N e roughly 240 years ago is after historical records of diseases matching the symptoms of Yellow Fever first appeared in Spanish Florida and the Northeast ( Patterson 1992 ; Eisen and Moore 2013 ) but shortly before reports of the species in Georgia ( Christophers 1960 ; Eisen and Moore 2013 ) and dengue outbreaks throughout port cities in the Eastern United States ( Brathwaite Dick et al 2012 ).…”

Demographic History, Genetic Load, and the Efficacy of Selection in the Globally Invasive Mosquito Aedes aegypti

“…In South America, our ordering of estimated population splits is consistent with results from PCA: Cali and Brazil most recently split (875 years ago), followed by Río Claro and Brazil (983 years ago), and finally Río Claro and Cali (1,613 years ago). These splits are well before the proposed introductions to the Americas, which occurred no earlier than roughly 400 years ago ( Patterson 1992 ; Eisen and Moore 2013 ). Differences among these split times will reflect ancestral population structure but are likely inconsistent with a simple bifurcating tree, suggesting possible migration after their introduction.…”

“…As a whole, US populations experienced deeper and more recent bottlenecks than the South American populations, consistent with later introductions and an earlier introduction in Florida than in California, though the differences in N e between the US clusters are minimal. The apparent earlier introduction in Florida with a lowest N e roughly 240 years ago is after historical records of diseases matching the symptoms of Yellow Fever first appeared in Spanish Florida and the Northeast ( Patterson 1992 ; Eisen and Moore 2013 ) but shortly before reports of the species in Georgia ( Christophers 1960 ; Eisen and Moore 2013 ) and dengue outbreaks throughout port cities in the Eastern United States ( Brathwaite Dick et al 2012 ).…”

Tire shops in Miami-Dade County, Florida are important producers of vector mosquitoes

“…Miami is a multi-cultural city with a high flow of people traveling from and to endemic areas, especially from the Caribbean and Latin America [52]. Miami has been tormented by arbovirus outbreaks for decades, including DENV, WNV and YFV [53–58]. More recently, during the 2016 ZIKV outbreak it was the most affected area in the continental United States [37, 59], exposing the unquestionable vulnerability of Miami to the introduction of arboviruses.…”

Reported Distribution of Aedes (Stegomyia) aegypti and Aedes (Stegomyia) albopictus in the United States, 1995-2016 (Diptera: Culicidae)

“…Sporadic contemporary collections of Ae. aegypti along the mid-Atlantic Coast are not surprising, as this mosquito historically caused yellow fever outbreaks as far north as New York and Boston (Patterson 1992, Reiter 2001. Perhaps the most concerning development for Ae.…”

Demographic History, Genetic Load, and the Efficacy of Selection in the Globally Invasive Mosquito Aedes aegypti

“…In South America, our ordering of estimated population splits is consistent with results from PCA: Cali and Brazil most recently split (875 years ago), followed by Río Claro and Brazil (983 years ago), and finally Río Claro and Cali (1,613 years ago). These splits are well before the proposed introductions to the Americas, which occurred no earlier than roughly 400 years ago ( Patterson 1992 ; Eisen and Moore 2013 ). Differences among these split times will reflect ancestral population structure but are likely inconsistent with a simple bifurcating tree, suggesting possible migration after their introduction.…”

“…As a whole, US populations experienced deeper and more recent bottlenecks than the South American populations, consistent with later introductions and an earlier introduction in Florida than in California, though the differences in N e between the US clusters are minimal. The apparent earlier introduction in Florida with a lowest N e roughly 240 years ago is after historical records of diseases matching the symptoms of Yellow Fever first appeared in Spanish Florida and the Northeast ( Patterson 1992 ; Eisen and Moore 2013 ) but shortly before reports of the species in Georgia ( Christophers 1960 ; Eisen and Moore 2013 ) and dengue outbreaks throughout port cities in the Eastern United States ( Brathwaite Dick et al 2012 ).…”

Tire shops in Miami-Dade County, Florida are important producers of vector mosquitoes

“…Miami is a multi-cultural city with a high flow of people traveling from and to endemic areas, especially from the Caribbean and Latin America [52]. Miami has been tormented by arbovirus outbreaks for decades, including DENV, WNV and YFV [53–58]. More recently, during the 2016 ZIKV outbreak it was the most affected area in the continental United States [37, 59], exposing the unquestionable vulnerability of Miami to the introduction of arboviruses.…”

Reported Distribution of Aedes (Stegomyia) aegypti and Aedes (Stegomyia) albopictus in the United States, 1995-2016 (Diptera: Culicidae)

“…Sporadic contemporary collections of Ae. aegypti along the mid-Atlantic Coast are not surprising, as this mosquito historically caused yellow fever outbreaks as far north as New York and Boston (Patterson 1992, Reiter 2001. Perhaps the most concerning development for Ae.…”

Demographic History, Genetic Load, and the Efficacy of Selection in the Globally Invasive Mosquito Aedes aegypti

“…In South America, our ordering of estimated population splits is consistent with results from PCA: Cali and Brazil most recently split (875 years ago), followed by Río Claro and Brazil (983 years ago), and finally Río Claro and Cali (1,613 years ago). These splits are well before the proposed introductions to the Americas, which occurred no earlier than roughly 400 years ago ( Patterson 1992 ; Eisen and Moore 2013 ). Differences among these split times will reflect ancestral population structure but are likely inconsistent with a simple bifurcating tree, suggesting possible migration after their introduction.…”

“…As a whole, US populations experienced deeper and more recent bottlenecks than the South American populations, consistent with later introductions and an earlier introduction in Florida than in California, though the differences in N e between the US clusters are minimal. The apparent earlier introduction in Florida with a lowest N e roughly 240 years ago is after historical records of diseases matching the symptoms of Yellow Fever first appeared in Spanish Florida and the Northeast ( Patterson 1992 ; Eisen and Moore 2013 ) but shortly before reports of the species in Georgia ( Christophers 1960 ; Eisen and Moore 2013 ) and dengue outbreaks throughout port cities in the Eastern United States ( Brathwaite Dick et al 2012 ).…”

Tire shops in Miami-Dade County, Florida are important producers of vector mosquitoes

“…Miami is a multi-cultural city with a high flow of people traveling from and to endemic areas, especially from the Caribbean and Latin America [52]. Miami has been tormented by arbovirus outbreaks for decades, including DENV, WNV and YFV [53–58]. More recently, during the 2016 ZIKV outbreak it was the most affected area in the continental United States [37, 59], exposing the unquestionable vulnerability of Miami to the introduction of arboviruses.…”

Reported Distribution of Aedes (Stegomyia) aegypti and Aedes (Stegomyia) albopictus in the United States, 1995-2016 (Diptera: Culicidae)

“…Sporadic contemporary collections of Ae. aegypti along the mid-Atlantic Coast are not surprising, as this mosquito historically caused yellow fever outbreaks as far north as New York and Boston (Patterson 1992, Reiter 2001. Perhaps the most concerning development for Ae.…”