Yeasts in Hypersaline Habitats

Zajc, Janja; Zalar, Polona; Gunde‐Cimerman, Nina

doi:10.1007/978-3-319-62683-3_10

Cited by 19 publications

(14 citation statements)

References 159 publications

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“…On the other hand Solicoccozyma sp. is commonly found in soils with a high salt content (Mokhtarnejad et al, 2016; Zajc et al, 2017) in our microplots accounted from 2 to 9%.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 83%

Fungal Biodiversity of the Most Common Types of Polish Soil in a Long-Term Microplot Experiment

Grządziel

Gałązka

2019

Front. Microbiol.

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The aim of the study was to investigate fungal genetic diversity in eight different types of soil in a long-term microplot experiment founded in 1881 in Puławy, Poland. The experiment consists of eight plots (14 m 2), each 1 m deep with concrete walls, filled with profiles of different soils. The soils represent the most common Polish soil types (Cambic Leptosol, Fluvic Cambisol, Gleyic Chernozem, Cambisol and Haplic Cambisol, two Brunic Arenosols and Haplic Luvisol). Each soil was characterized by different pH (from 4.0 to 7.5) and organic carbon content (4.5-21.3 g kg −1). The soil structure was not destroyed by compaction because the soils had always been cultivated by hand. The same plant species were always grown in all plots at the same time and the soils received the same fertilization. Moreover, the soils were always under the same weather conditions. Ascomycota was the most abundant phylum in all samples, ranging from 70 to 90% of total fungi. Some genera (Mortierella, Solicoccozyma, and Mycosphaerella) were found to be adapted to a wide range of pH. Acidic soils were dominated by Talaromyces, Cladophialophora, Devriesia, and Saitozyma, while good quality soils primarily consisted of Plectosphaerella, Tetracladium, and Mortierella. The study confirmed previous reports that pH has a decisive influence on soil fungal diversity, but also indicated the strong impact of soil type itself. These studies have launched a new cycle of research in these historical soil profiles.

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“…On the other hand Solicoccozyma sp. is commonly found in soils with a high salt content (Mokhtarnejad et al, 2016; Zajc et al, 2017) in our microplots accounted from 2 to 9%.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 83%

Fungal Biodiversity of the Most Common Types of Polish Soil in a Long-Term Microplot Experiment

Grządziel

Gałązka

2019

Front. Microbiol.

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“…A. pullulans was, by far, the most frequent species (76 isolates), isolated in the presence of seven out of the eight antifungal agents tested and found in all the four sample sources (soil, leaves, fruits, and flowers). This highlights the ubiquitous nature of A. pullulans and its ability to thrive in different habitats (e.g., soil, leaves, flowers, and fruits) and environmental conditions (e.g., hypersaline habitats, glaciers, arid conditions, and radiation sites) due to the presence of genes that confer stress tolerance [ 34 , 46 , 51 , 52 , 53 , 54 , 55 ]. Similarly, M. pulcherrima, C. laurentii, C. misumaiensis, and S. metaroseus are also commonly occurring and frequently isolated from the leaves of various trees, fruits, and soils of both agricultural and wild habitats, and can tolerate extreme conditions [ 43 , 46 , 51 , 56 , 57 , 58 , 59 ].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Unconventional Yeasts Are Tolerant to Common Antifungals, and Aureobasidium pullulans Has Low Baseline Sensitivity to Captan, Cyprodinil, and Difenoconazole

et al. 2020

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Many yeasts have demonstrated intrinsic insensitivity to certain antifungal agents. Unlike the fungicide resistance of medically relevant yeasts, which is highly undesirable, intrinsic insensitivity to fungicides in antagonistic yeasts intended for use as biocontrol agents may be of great value. Understanding how frequently tolerance exists in naturally occurring yeasts and their underlying molecular mechanisms is important for exploring the potential of biocontrol yeasts and fungicide combinations for plant protection. Here, yeasts were isolated from various environmental samples in the presence of different fungicides (or without fungicide as a control) and identified by sequencing the internal transcribed spacer (ITS) region or through matrix-assisted laser desorption/ionization time-of-flight (MALDI-TOF) mass spectrometry. Among 376 isolates, 47 taxa were identified, and Aureobasidium pullulans was the most frequently isolated yeast. The baseline sensitivity of this yeast was established for 30 isolates from different environmental samples in vitro to captan, cyprodinil, and difenoconazole. For these isolates, the baseline minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC50) values for all the fungicides were higher than the concentrations used for the control of plant pathogenic fungi. For some isolates, there was no growth inhibition at concentrations as high as 300 µg/mL for captan and 128 µg/mL for cyprodinil. This information provides insight into the presence of resistance among naturally occurring yeasts and allows the choice of strains for further mechanistic analyses and the assessment of A. pullulans for novel applications in combination with chemical agents and as part of integrated plant-protection strategies.

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“…Main species exhibiting polyextremphilic/extremotolerant aptitudes (reviewed or cited in Tilbury, ; Gross & Robbins, ; Stratford et al, ; López‐Archilla et al, ; Deák, ; Raspor & Zupan, ; Mokhtarnejad et al, ; Buzzini, Turk, et al, ; Péter et al, ; Sannino et al, ; Zajc et al, )…”

Section: Extreme Environments From Different Viewpointsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Extremophilic yeasts: the toughest yeasts around?

Buzzini

Turchetti

Yurkov

2018

Yeast

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Microorganisms are widely distributed in a multitude of environments including ecosystems that show challenging features to most life forms. The combination of extreme physical and chemical factors contributes to the definition of extreme habitats although the definition of extreme environments changes depending on one's point of view: anthropocentric, microbial-centric or zymo-centric. Microorganisms that live under conditions that cause hard survival are called extremophiles. In particular organisms that require extreme conditions are called true extremophiles while organisms that tolerate them to some extent are termed extremotolerant. Deviation of temperature, pH, osmotic stress, pressure and radiation from the common range delineates extreme environments. Yeasts are versatile eukaryotic organisms that are not frequently considered the toughest microorganisms in comparison with prokaryotes. Nevertheless extremophilic or extremotolerant species are present also within this group. Here a brief description is provided of the main extreme habitats and the metabolic and physiological modifications adopted by yeasts depending on their adverse conditions. Additionally the main extremophilic and extremotolerant yeast species associated with a few extreme habitats are listed.

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Yeasts in Hypersaline Habitats

Cited by 19 publications

References 159 publications

Fungal Biodiversity of the Most Common Types of Polish Soil in a Long-Term Microplot Experiment

Fungal Biodiversity of the Most Common Types of Polish Soil in a Long-Term Microplot Experiment

Unconventional Yeasts Are Tolerant to Common Antifungals, and Aureobasidium pullulans Has Low Baseline Sensitivity to Captan, Cyprodinil, and Difenoconazole

Extremophilic yeasts: the toughest yeasts around?

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