Yeast glycolipid biosurfactants

Abstract

Edited by Wilhelm JustVarious yeasts, both conventional and exotic ones, are known to produce compounds useful to mankind. Ethanol is the most known of these compounds, but more complex molecules such as amphiphilic biosurfactants can also be derived from eukaryotic microorganisms at an industrially and commercially relevant scale. Among them, glycolipids are the most promising, due to their attractive properties and high product titers. Many of these compounds can be considered as secondary metabolites with a specific function for the host. Hence, a dedicated biosynthetic process enables regulation and combines pathways delivering the lipidic moiety and the hydrophilic carbohydrate part of the glycolipid. In this Review, we will discuss the biosynthetic and regulatory aspects of the yeast-derived sophorolipids, mannosylerythritol lipids, and cellobiose lipids, with special emphasis on the relation between glycolipid synthesis and the general lipid metabolism.

Growth Behavior of Selected Ustilaginaceae Fungi Used for Mannosylerythritol Lipid (MEL) Biosurfactant Production – Evaluation of a Defined Culture Medium

“…Such a comparatively high C/N ratio usually leads to nitrogen limitation and therefore triggers the secondary lipid metabolism, as it has been observed for many oleaginous yeasts (Beopoulos et al, 2011). This is also a favorable condition for the production of glycolipid biosurfactants (Jezierska et al, 2017). Concentrations of phosphate, sulfate and the macroelements Mg 2+ and Ca 2+ were similar between medium 2 and 3 and higher than in the medium 1 with yeast extract.…”

Effects of sophorolipids on fungal and oomycete pathogens in relation to pH solubility

“…Sophorolipids are one of the most promising biosurfactants in business because they can be easily produced from cheap raw materials, such as vegetable oils, n‐alkanes and industrial waste product. Furthermore, high production yields (over 400 g l −1 ) and substrate conversion (70%) can be achieved (Van Bogaert et al ; Jezierska et al ; Mohamed et al ). Sophorolipids are biosurfactants which are also commonly produced by nonpathogenic yeast Candida bombicola and others.…”

Rational high-throughput screening system for high sophorolipids production in Candida bombicola by co-utilizing glycerol and glucose capacity

“…Sophorolipids (SLs) are biologically derived surfactants harboring a high biodegradability and low toxicity, thus being widely applied in food, cosmetic, pharmaceutical, and oil industries (Jezierska et al 2018). SLs are mainly synthesized in yeast strains including Wickerhaniella (Chen et al 2005), Pichia (Thaniyavarn et al 2008), Rhodotorula (Sen et al 2017), and Candida (Konishi et al 2018).…”