Yeast extract and methyl jasmonate-induced silymarin production in cell cultures of Silybum marianum (L.) Gaertn

Silymarin, Natural Flavonolignans from Milk Thistle

“…They also reported that elimination of calcium ion positively affected silymarin production. This point was further confirmed by Sánchez-Sampedro et al (2005a), who also reported that silymarin accumulation was not altered by treatment of cultures with the calcium ionophore A23187. These results suggest that inhibition of external and internal calcium fluxes play a significant role in flavonolignans metabolism in S. marianum cell cultures.…”

“…In order to obtain silymarin in concentrations high enough for commercial manufacturing, many approaches have been made to stimulate the productivity of silymarin in cultured cells of S. marianum. These approaches compromise changes in the media composition (Cacho et al, 1999), treatment with elicitors such as yeast extract and methyl jasmonate (Sánchez-Sampedro et al, 2005a), addition of precursor (Tůmová et al, 2006) and morphological differentiation. Such approaches for improving silymarin production by manipulating plant cell cultures may also help in studying signal transduction pathways, cloning biosynthetic genes, studying metabolic flux and regulation of silymarin production (Zhao et al, 2005).…”

Flavonolignan Production in Cell Suspension Culture ofSilybum marianum

“…The hydroflavonol taxifolin (TXF) and the flavonolignans silybin (SBN), isosilybin (ISBN), silydianin (SDN), and silychristin (SCN) are usually encompassed by the term of silymarin (SLM) (Figure 1) (Sanchez-Sampedro et al, 2005a). The extracts of the fruits have been used for oral treatment of toxic liver damage and for therapy of chronic inflammatory liver disease and liver cirrhosis (Sanchez-Sampedro et al, 2005a;Sonnenbichler et al, 1999). Their hepatoprotective activity seems to be based on antioxidant properties (Alikaridis et al, 2000).…”

“…Hairy roots, callus and cell suspension culture derived from milk thistle (Vanisree et al, 2004) are able to produce SLM (Rahnama et al, 2008;Sanchez-Sampedro et al, 2005a;Tumova et al, 2004), but to a lesser extent than that accumulated in the fruits (SanchezSampedro et al, 2005a;Alikaridis et al, 2000;Cacho et al, 1999). However, in some cases the manipulation of the components of the medium has substantially increased the production of these compounds (Cacho et al, 1999).…”

Improved silymarin content in elicited multiple shoot cultures of Silybum marianum L.

“…Increased levels of ajmalicine and catharanthine in Catharanthus roseus and capsaicin production in Capsicum annuum by fungal elicitors have also been reported (Ibrahim et al 2007). There are many reports on the influence of different in vitro culture abiotic elicitation on total sylimarin yield determination in Silybum marianum cultures (Sánchez-Sampedro et al 2005Madrid and Corchete 2010;Khalili et al 2010;BelchiNavarro et al 2011) but up to our knowledge; this is the first report for biotic elicitation on silymarin induction in vitro. In this study and in favor of the medicinal benefits of Silybum marianum, we directed our research towards the determination of the most suitable culture media composition using biotic and abiotic elicitation as well as gamma irradiation to study their action on mass production and enhancement of total silymarin production as estimated by HPLC in Silybum marianum shoot tip cultures.…”