Yeast biodiversity in the guts of several pests on maize; comparison of three methods: classical isolation, cloning and DGGE

Abstract

The yeast biodiversity in the guts of several pests (Diabrotica virgifera, Helicoverpa armigera, Ostrinia nubilalis) on maize from two isolation sources was assessed by cultivation-dependent and cultivation-independent methods. These yeasts are considered to bear a potentially high biotechnological relevance due to their potential ability to degrade several mycotoxins incorporated by their hosts. The 97 isolated yeast strains showed 21 different partial sequence types of the 26S rRNA gene which could be assigned to 10 different genera. The determined genera and species are discussed in terms of the meaning of their taxonomic status or their occurrence in nature. Two cultivation-independent methods, cloning and DGGE, were compared. We propose the combination of these methods as well as the combination of both cultivation-independent and cultivation-dependent approaches, for gaining better insights into fungal biodiversity.Abbreviations DGGE denaturing gradient gel electrophoresis TGGE temperature gradient gel electrophoresis SSCP single strand conformation polymorphism

Biodiversity of Yeasts in the Gastrointestinal Ecosystem with Emphasis on Its Importance for the Host

“…Host organism References Ambrosiozyma monospora owlfly (Ascalaphidae) (Nguyen et al, 2007) Aureobasidium pullulans leaf beetles (Chrysomelidae) (Molnar et al, 2008) Candida aglyptinia sp. nov. round fungus beetle (Leiodidae) (Suh et al, 2006b) Candida alai sp.…”

“…nov. green lacewings (Chrysopidae) (Suh et al, 2004a) leaf beetles (Chrysomelidae) (Nguyen et al, 2007) cotton bollworm (Noctuidae) (Molnar et al, 2008) www.intechopen.com…”

“…Host organism References Candida sake crambid snout moths (Crambidae); cotton bollworm (Noctuidae) (Molnar et al, 2008) Candida sinolaborantium handsome fungus beetle (Endomychidae); cerambycid larvae (Cerambycidae) (Suh et al, 2005b) Candida smithsonii sp. nov.…”

“…nov. pleasing fungus beetle (Erotylidae) (Suh et al, 2004b) Candida xestobii crambid snout moths (Crambidae); leaf beetle (Chrysomelidae) (Molnar et al, 2008) Candida yuchorum sp. nov. pleasing fungus beetle (Erotylidae) (Suh et al, 2004b) Clavispora lustansiae blister beetle (Meloidae) (Rao et al, 2007) …”

“…crambid snout moth (Crambidae); cotton bollworm (Noctuidae); leaf beetles (Chrysomelidae) (Molnar et al, 2008) Cryptococcus luteolus crambid snout moths (Crambidae); leaf beetles (Chrysomelidae) (Molnar et al, 2008) green lacewings (Chrysopidae) ) Cryptococcus oeirensis leaf beetle (Chrysomelidae) (Molnar et al, 2008) Cryptococcus victoriae crambid snout moth (Crambidae) (Molnar et al, 2008) green lacewings (Chrysopidae) www.intechopen. (Suh et al, 2004a) dobsonfly (Corydalidae) (Nguyen et al, 2007) Metschnikowia corniflorae sp.…”