Year around distilled water production, energy, and economic analysis of solar stills—A comparative study

Abstract

In this paper, a year around energy efficiency (EnE) and economic analysis of single slope solar still (SSSS), the single slope solar still with glass cooling (SSSSGC), the single slope solar still with basin heating (SSSSBH), and the single slope solar still with glass cooling and basin heating (SSSSGCBH) was carried out based on the distilled water production. The annual yield production from the SSSS, SSSSGC, SSSSBH, and SSSSGCBH were 476.16, 637.44, 970.24, and 1167.36 kg, respectively. The yearly yield produced from the SSSSBH and SSSSGCBH was increased by 50.92% and 59.21%, respectively, as compared with the SSSS. Moreover, the annual EnE of the SSSSGCBH was 28.75%. However, the EnE of the SSSS was 11.73%. Also, freshwater making cost is found to be 18.9, 24.9, 37.9, and 45.6 Rs/day for the SSSS, SSSSGC, SSSSBH, and SSSSGCBH, respectively, if the buying cost of freshwater is Rs 10.

Reliability of thermal desalination (solar stills) for water/wastewater treatment in light of COVID-19 (novel coronavirus “SARS-CoV-2”) pandemic: What should consider?

“…The most prominent passive techniques can be mentioned such as using energy absorbing/storing materials (sands, cement, and marble pieces) [ [42] , [43] , [44] ], porous media [ 45 , 46 ], utilizing phase change materials (PCMs) [ [47] , [48] , [49] , [50] ], using wicks [ [51] , [52] , [53] ], fins [ 54 , 55 ], internal/external reflectors [ [56] , [57] , [58] ], film cooling [ [59] , [60] , [61] ], increase the rate of heat and mass transfer by utilizing different nanoparticles in absorber/fluid/cover of solar stills [ [62] , [63] , [64] , [65] , [66] , [67] , [68] , [69] , [70] ]. Meanwhile, integration with humidification-dehumidification systems [ 71 , 72 ], thermoelectric modules (for heating and cooling) [ 73 , 74 ], and external/internal condensers [ 75 , 76 ] are another modifications for enhancing the performance of system. Furthermore, utilizing various solar collectors such as flat plate collector (FPC) [ [77] , [78] , [79] , [80] ], solar dish concentrator (SDC) [ 81 , 82 ], parabolic trough concentrator(PTC) [ 83 , 84 ], Fresnel lens (FL) [ 85 , 86 ], evacuated tube collector (ETC) [ [87] , [88] , [89] , [90] ], mini/shallow solar pond [ 91 , 92 ], and photovoltaic (PV) and photovoltaic/thermal (PV/T) [ [93] , ...…”

Recent Advancement in Solar‐Driven Interfacial Steam Generation for Desalination: A State‐of‐the‐Art Review

“…In their study, Parsa et al [ 210 ] found that the combination of thermoelectric cooling and water film cooling could contribute to approximately 26% of the total water production. Meanwhile, Manokar et al [ 211 ] were able to increase freshwater production by 60% by employing thermoelectric cooling on the glass covering. Additionally, Khanmohammadi et al [ 212 ] achieved a 30% increase in average freshwater production through continuous cooling of a double‐glazed glass covering using a thermoelectric module.…”

Solar desalination/purification (solar stills, humidification-dehumidification, solar disinfection) in high altitude during COVID19: Insights of gastrointestinal manifestations and systems’ mechanism

“…Previous studies proved that solar stills are capable to separate a wide range of organic and inorganic impurities from pharmaceutical and chemical compounds to biological contaminations. Various approaches also applied to increase the efficiency of solar stills including using different solar collectors [19] , [20] , [21] , reflectors [15] , wick materials [22] , low-cost energy storage [23] , heat localized materials [24] thermoelectric [ 25 , 26 ], phase change materials (PCM) [27] , [28] , [29] , and nanoparticles [30] , [31] , [32] , [33] . Interestingly, nanoparticles in solar stills have been attracted huge attentions of researchers due to their antibacterial characteristics against pathogens [34] , [35] , [36] .…”