Yaws, an endemic treponematosis reconsidered in the HIV era

Noordhoek, G. T.; Embden, J. D. A. Van

doi:10.1007/bf01967089

Cited by 15 publications

(3 citation statements)

References 19 publications

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“…Molecular species diagnostics such as nucleic acid amplification tests adopt reverse-transcription polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) to amplify the specific MTB target DNA such as IS6110, 16S rDNA, cyp141, etc., from extracted sputum or tissue samples. These analyses possess the ability to achieve high accuracy, full automation and simultaneous detection of multiple MTB strains [14, 15]. However, test turnaround time including multiple hybridization processes requires 2–5 h, and the requirement of sophisticated infrastructure and trained personnel limits the feasibility of applying this test in the developing countries.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Paper-based tuberculosis diagnostic devices with colorimetric gold nanoparticles

Tsai

Shen

Cheng

et al. 2013

Science and Technology of Advanced Materials

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A colorimetric sensing strategy employing gold nanoparticles and a paper assay platform has been developed for tuberculosis diagnosis. Unmodified gold nanoparticles and single-stranded detection oligonucleotides are used to achieve rapid diagnosis without complicated and time-consuming thiolated or other surface-modified probe preparation processes. To eliminate the use of sophisticated equipment for data analysis, the color variance for multiple detection results was simultaneously collected and concentrated on cellulose paper with the data readout transmitted for cloud computing via a smartphone. The results show that the 2.6 nM tuberculosis mycobacterium target sequences extracted from patients can easily be detected, and the turnaround time after the human DNA is extracted from clinical samples was approximately 1 h.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Paper-based tuberculosis diagnostic devices with colorimetric gold nanoparticles

Tsai

Shen

Cheng

et al. 2013

Science and Technology of Advanced Materials

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“…The interest in detecting treponemes in the CSF of patients visiting sexually transmitted disease clinics is growing because of an increasing number of patients who are coinfected with human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) and T. pallidum (11)(12)(13)23). In cases of latent T. pallidum infection, one might expect relapses to occur as a consequence of the immune suppression caused by HIV, comparable to the reactivation of tuberculosis and other infectious diseases associated with HIV infection (5,7,20). Furthermore, in HIV-infected individuals, syphilis may be difficult to diagnose because of atypical clinical symptoms and an abnormal humoral immune response which might interfere with a proper serodiagnosis (9,10).…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Detection by polymerase chain reaction of Treponema pallidum DNA in cerebrospinal fluid from neurosyphilis patients before and after antibiotic treatment

et al. 1991

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A polymerase chain reaction with nested primer pairs based on the DNA sequence of the 39-kDa bmp gene of Treponema pallidum subsp. pallidum is described. The method allowed the detection of purified T. pallidum DNA equivalent to the amount of DNA in a single bacterium and was specific for T. pallidum subspecies. After concentration of DNA, using diatomaceous earth, it was possible to detect about 100 treponemes in 1 ml of cerebrospinal fluid. Cerebrospinal fluid samples from a total of 29 symptomatic and asymptomatic patients with neurosyphilis were tested for the presence of treponemal DNA before and at various intervals after intravenous treatment with penicillin. Prior to the penicillin treatment, we detected T. pallidum DNA in 5 of 7 patients with acute symptomatic neurosyphilis, in none of the 4 patients with chronic symptomatic neurosyphilis tested before treatment, and in 2 of 16 patients with asymptomatic neurosyphilis. Unexpectedly, T. pallidum DNA was also often detected in cerebrospinal fluid long after intravenous treatment with penicillin, sometimes up to 3 years after therapy.

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“…Whether HIV infection has a deleterious effect on the course of the nonvenereal, endemic treponematoses (see Chapter 44) is unknown, but such an effect has been postulated by analogy with syphilis. 534 No effects of HIV on concurrent infection with the Borrelia species that cause relapsing fever have been reported (see Chapter 45). Whether Lyme disease follows an unusual course in HIV-infected people is unclear.…”

Section: Spirochetal Infectionsmentioning

confidence: 99%