Yak rumen microbiome elevates fiber degradation ability and alters rumen fermentation pattern to increase feed efficiency

Zhao, Congcong; Wang, Lamei; Ke, Shanlin; Chen, Xinhua; Kenéz, Ákos; Xu, Wei; Wang, Dangdang; Zhang, Fan; Li, Yong; Cui, Zhanhong; Qiao, Yu; Wang, Jing; Sun, Wenjuan; Zhao, Jianhua; Yao, Junhu; Yu, Zhongtang; Cao, Yangchun

doi:10.1016/j.aninu.2022.07.014

Cited by 26 publications

(34 citation statements)

References 64 publications

(81 reference statements)

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“…Prevotella was also shown as one of the most frequent taxa in a study that assembled 10,000 ruminal metagenomes [ 31 ]. A series of other studies with smaller cohorts also hinted towards the important role of Prevotellaceae as ruminal bacteria in cattle [ 18 , 32 , 33 , 34 ], buffalo [ 35 , 36 , 37 , 38 , 39 ], sheep [ 12 , 40 , 41 , 42 , 43 ], goat [ 11 , 44 , 45 , 46 ], domestic yak [ 47 , 48 , 49 , 50 ] and deer [ 51 , 52 , 53 ].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Prevotella: A Key Player in Ruminal Metabolism

2022

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Ruminants are foregut fermenters that have the remarkable ability of converting plant polymers that are indigestible to humans into assimilable comestibles like meat and milk, which are cornerstones of human nutrition. Ruminants establish a symbiotic relationship with their microbiome, and the latter is the workhorse of carbohydrate fermentation. On the other hand, during carbohydrate fermentation, synthesis of propionate sequesters H, thus reducing its availability for the ultimate production of methane (CH4) by methanogenic archaea. Biochemically, methane is the simplest alkane and represents a downturn in energetic efficiency in ruminants; environmentally, it constitutes a potent greenhouse gas that negatively affects climate change. Prevotella is a very versatile microbe capable of processing a wide range of proteins and polysaccharides, and one of its fermentation products is propionate, a trait that appears conspicuous in P. ruminicola strain 23. Since propionate, but not acetate or butyrate, constitutes an H sink, propionate-producing microbes have the potential to reduce methane production. Accordingly, numerous studies suggest that members of the genus Prevotella have the ability to divert the hydrogen flow in glycolysis away from methanogenesis and in favor of propionic acid production. Intended for a broad audience in microbiology, our review summarizes the biochemistry of carbohydrate fermentation and subsequently discusses the evidence supporting the essential role of Prevotella in lignocellulose processing and its association with reduced methane emissions. We hope this article will serve as an introduction to novice Prevotella researchers and as an update to others more conversant with the topic.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Prevotella: A Key Player in Ruminal Metabolism

2022

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“…Similar studies in the past have also reported increased proportion of propionate, in conjunction with alterations in the abundance of bacteria involved in fibre decomposition, such as Fibrobacter succinogenes and Ruminocus flavefaciens [ 7 , 20 ]. Overall, given that rumen fermentation is primarily influenced by rumen microbiota [ 21 ], it is predicted that the rumen microbiota was altered in this study.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effect of Tea Saponins on Rumen Microbiota and Rumen Function in Qinchuan Beef Cattle

Raza

Zhao

et al. 2023

Microorganisms

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Antibiotics can promote livestock growth but have side effects, so the search for safe and effective alternatives to antibiotics is urgent. This study aimed to evaluate the effect of supplementing cattle feed with tea saponins on ruminal bacteria and fungi. Sixteen Qinchuan beef cattle with a live body weight of 250 ± 10 kg were divided into four groups (four animals in each group) using a completely randomized experimental design. Four different levels of tea saponins were provided to the Qinchuan cattle as treatments, including 0 g/cattle per day control, CON), 10 g/cattle per day (low-level, LT), 20 g/cattle per day (medium-level, MT) and 30 g/cattle per day (high-level, HT). The pre-feeding period was 10 days and the official period was 80 days in this experiment. After 90 days of feeding, the rumen fluid from sixteen Qinchuan beef cattle was collected using an oral stomach tube for evaluating changes in ruminal microbiota and rumen fermentation parameters. Results indicate that the total VFAs and proportions of propionate in the LT group was significantly higher than that in the CON and HT groups (p < 0.05). For ruminal bacteria, results indicate that the Chao1 index of the MT group was significantly lower than the CON and HT groups (p < 0.05). The phyla Bacteroidetes and Firmicutes were found to be the most abundant in all treatment groups, with the LT group having significantly increased relative abundances of Proteobacteria, Actinobacteria and Ascomycota at the phylum level (p < 0.05). The relative abundance of Bacteroides was found to be relatively lower in the LT, MT and HT treatment groups compared with the CON treatment group at the genus level (p < 0.05). For ruminal fungi, the LT treatment group was found to have higher relative abundances of Saccharomyces and Aspergillus, and lower relative abundances of Succiniclasticum and Bacteroides at the at the phylum level (p < 0.05). Compared with the CON treatment group, a significant increase in the relative abundance of Saccharomyces and Aspergillus were observed in the LT treatment group at the genus level (p < 0.05). PICRUSt analyses identified pathways associated with Xenobiotic biodegradation and metabolism and glycolysisIII to be significantly enriched in the LT and HT treatment groups (p < 0.05). These findings could provide insights on how tea saponins may influence ruminal bacteria and fungi, providing a theoretical basis for replacing antibiotics with tea saponins for promoting growth in cattle.

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“…Diet plays an important role in shaping the rumen microbes in ruminants, alters the rumen's environment and metabolism 36 , 37 . Then alters the muscle metabolism and meat quality.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Production performance and rumen bacterial community structure of Hu sheep fed fermented spent mushroom substrate from Pleurotus eryngii

Huang

Zhou

You

et al. 2023

Sci Rep

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This study aimed to investigate the effect of fermented spent mushroom substrate from Pleurotus eryngii (SMPE) supplementation on production performance, meat quality and rumen bacterial community structure of Hu sheep. 120 2-month-old Hu sheep with average body weight [(13.50 ± 3.10) kg] were selected and randomly divided into 4 groups with 3 replicates per group and 10 sheep per replicate. The control group (RL1) was fed a total mixed ration (TMR), and group RL2, RL3 and RL4 were fed the basal diets supplemented with 15%, 30% and 45% fermented SMPE, respectively. The pretest period lasted for 10 days and the test period lasted for 150 days. The results showed that: (1) Difference (p < 0.05) was observed in average daily feed intake (ADFI) and feed conversion ratio (FCR) between RL2 and RL4 groups. The eye muscle area (EMA) and grade rule (GR) values in RL2 and RL3 were significantly higher than those in RL1 and RL4 groups (p < 0.05). (2) The contents of threonine, valerine, leucine, lysine, histidine, essential amino acids, flavor amino acids, aspartic acid, serine, glutamic acid and arginine of the longissimus dorsi muscle in RL2 and RL3 groups were significantly higher than RL1 and RL4 (p < 0.05). (3) A total of 1,202,445 valid sequences were obtained from rumen of Hu sheep fed different amounts of fermented feed, and the valid sequences were clustered into 9824 Operational Taxonomic Units (OTUs). (4) α diversity analysis showed that the richness and diversity of rumen bacterial communities in Hu sheep in RL1, RL2, RL3 and RL4 groups were significantly higher than RL0 (raw materials of fermented SMPE) group (p < 0.05). β diversity analysis showed that the bacterial community structure was the most different between RL0 and RL3. (5) At the genus level, compared with RL1, the relative abundance of Christensenellaceae R-7 in RL3 group decreased significantly by 33.59%, the relative abundance of Prevotellaceae UCG001 in RL2, RL3 and RL4 decreased significantly by 50.41%, 62.24% and 49.17%, respectively, and the relative abundance of Ruminococcaceae NK4A214 in RL2 group increased significantly by 35.01% (p < 0.05). In summary, the addition of fermented SMPE to TMR can significantly improve the production performance, meat quality and rumen bacterial community diversity and abundance of Hu sheep.

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Yak rumen microbiome elevates fiber degradation ability and alters rumen fermentation pattern to increase feed efficiency

Cited by 26 publications

References 64 publications

Prevotella: A Key Player in Ruminal Metabolism

Prevotella: A Key Player in Ruminal Metabolism

Effect of Tea Saponins on Rumen Microbiota and Rumen Function in Qinchuan Beef Cattle

Production performance and rumen bacterial community structure of Hu sheep fed fermented spent mushroom substrate from Pleurotus eryngii

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