YaHaLOM training in the military: Assessing knowledge, confidence, and stigma.

Svetlitzky, Vlad; Farchi, Moshe; Yehuda, Ariel Ben; Start, Amanda; Levi, Ofir; Adler, Amy B.

doi:10.1037/ser0000360

Cited by 19 publications

(18 citation statements)

References 49 publications

(53 reference statements)

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“…Still, his Six-C model is focused on emergency treatment of ASR to prevent the reaction from becoming a disorder. In other words, the Six-C model, while being quite helpful (Farchi et al, 2018;Svetlitzky et al, 2019), is about diagnosis and treatment, not about salutogenic health promotion. People with ASR are those who experience functional breakdown during an emergency -characterized by detachment, shaking, loneliness, confusion, emotional shock, and helplessness.…”

Section: Mental Hazards In the Work Of First Respondersmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Also, we have the participants exercise techniques such as Farchi's Six-C protocol for psychological first aid (Farchi et al, 2018). This protocol was adopted by the IDF (called "Magen," which means "shield" in Hebrew; see Svetlitzky et al, 2019) and later by the US Military (called "iCOVER"; see Adler et al, 2019). An 11-minute video (in English) depicting the iCOVER protocol can be found at https://www.youtube.com/ watch?v=t84_QvbnIT0.…”

Section: Stage 4: Offer Salutogenically Oriented Psychoeducational Workhops and Training Techniquesmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Salutogenesis and the Mental Health of First Responders

Antonovsky

2022

The Handbook of Salutogenesis

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In this chapter, the author addresses salutogenesis and the mental health of first responders (FRs). Research has observed FRs to be prone to psychological distress and psychopathology resulting from their repeated exposure to potentially traumatic events. Most of the literature is focused on postevent treatment. The author discusses a mental fitness model that includes salutogenically oriented psychoeducation and other activities to enhance mental fitness among FRs and build their psychological strengths as they face adversities on their job.In closing, the author recommends that besides psychopathology-oriented programs intended for providing mental first aid to FRs and for the communities who experience potentially traumatic events, intervention also should include salutogenically based mental preparation programs. These should emphasize the strengths and resources that could help FRs arrive at scenes of disaster equipped with salutogenic resources, at the strategic as well as tactical levels.

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Section: Mental Hazards In the Work Of First Respondersmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Stage 4: Offer Salutogenically Oriented Psychoeducational Workhops and Training Techniquesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Salutogenesis and the Mental Health of First Responders

Antonovsky

2022

The Handbook of Salutogenesis

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“…2,21 Results from cross-sectional data suggest that for soldiers witnessing ASRs symptoms in team members, this training is associated with better outcomes. 20 This training, designed for non-medical unit members, has since been adapted for service members in the USA, and data demonstrate perceived utility and feasibility. 12 Future research should continue to examine the impact of such peer-based training on individual witnesses in terms of their actual behavior and their long-term mental health and examine the impact on their affected team members over time.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…These items, developed for the present study, were generated based on expert feedback from a peer-based initiative to manage ASRs in team members and compiled by the authors, who had experience in deployment mental health. 20 Respondents were instructed to mark all of the items that applied; multiple items could be endorsed. Items assessing intervention response types are not expected to be internally consistent, as these items reflect potential responses to witnessing an ASR.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Post-traumatic stress disorder risk and witnessing team members in acute psychological stress during combat

2020

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Background Occupational groups operating in dangerous environments may witness the development of acute stress reaction (ASR) in team members. Witnessing ASR in team members may increase the risk of developing subsequent post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD) symptoms. Aims To describe ASR symptoms that individuals witness, assess the relationship between witnessing a team member exhibiting ASR symptoms and an individual's own PTSD symptoms, and describe common intervention responses by peers. Method Cross-sectional, anonymous surveys were conducted with US soldiers who were previously deployed (sample 1; n = 176) and currently deployed sample 2; n = 497). Surveys assessed combat experiences, PTSD (PTSD Checklist-5), ASR exposure and intervention responses. Analyses included frequencies and binary logistic regression. Results Witnessing at least one ASR symptom during a combat-related event was reported by 51.7% in sample 1 and 42.4% in sample 2; the most commonly observed symptoms were being unable to function or being detached. Controlling for combat experiences, high levels of witnessing a team member exhibit ASR symptoms was associated with increased risk of subthreshold PTSD or PTSD in sample 1 (odds ratio (OR) = 8.69, 95% CI 2.29–42.60) and approached significance in sample 2 (OR = 1.67, 95% CI 0.98–2.81). Common intervention responses included providing a directive or yelling; many also reported being unsure how to respond. Conclusions Witnessing team members who exhibit ASR symptoms appears to be associated with screening positive for subthreshold PTSD or PTSD. Results suggest the need for further research into how to prepare individuals to manage ASR in team members and to examine ASR in other high-risk occupations.

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“…(3) At present, CSR reductions are properly managed, and more than 90% of the combat effectiveness can be restored. (4,5) Post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD) is the most common form of CSR. According to the speed or duration of the stress response, it can be divided into acute stress response, chronic stress response and PTSD.…”

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confidence: 99%

Advances in Treatment of Post-Traumatic Stress Disorder with Chinese Medicine

Wang

2021

Chin. J. Integr. Med.

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“Timely, near, and expectation” is the main principle of battlefield rescue for military combat stress reaction (CSR). Post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD) is the most common form of CSR and a long-term persistent mental disorder that is caused by unusual threatening or catastrophic psychological trauma. Chinese medicine (CM) has abundant resources, is simple, easy to master, with few side effects. This article summarizes the cellular and animal experimental mechanisms of CM treatment on PTSD, suggesting that traditional Chinese herbs and acupuncture can protect brain functional areas, and adjust hypothalamus-pituitary-adrenal axis. Traditional Chinese herbs and acupuncture have shown good anti-stress efficacy and fewer side effects in clinical application, which may improve the CSR in the battlefield.

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YaHaLOM training in the military: Assessing knowledge, confidence, and stigma.

Cited by 19 publications

References 49 publications

Salutogenesis and the Mental Health of First Responders

Salutogenesis and the Mental Health of First Responders

Post-traumatic stress disorder risk and witnessing team members in acute psychological stress during combat

Advances in Treatment of Post-Traumatic Stress Disorder with Chinese Medicine

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