YAG laser-induced β-BaB2O4 crystalline dot formation in Sm2O3–BaO–B2O3 glasses

Laser induced modification on 40BaO–45B2O3–15TiO2 glass composition

“…Based on this characteristic, for example, new materials presenting a permanent change in refractive index, which can be used to produce micro optical components, have been developed [4,5]. This process has also been used to produce a periodic ordered microcrystalline structure that presents interesting optical properties [6][7][8][9][10][11].…”

“…The formation of crystalline phases in glass materials produced by a continuous Nd:YAG laser has also been studied [6][7][8][9][10][11]. This was possible because the glass samples studied in these works contain rare-earth elements.…”

Spatially selected crystallization in glass by YAG laser irradiation

“…Honma et al [6][7][8] have found that the irradiation of Nd:YAG laser with k = 1064 nm induces the formation of crystal dots and lines showing a second harmonic generation (SHG) in Sm 2 O 3 -Bi 2 O 3 -B 2 O 3 glasses. Tanaka et al [9] have applied the YAG laser irradiation technique to Sm 2 O 3 -BaO-B 2 O 3 glasses and found that b-BaB 2 O 4 (b-BBO) crystal dots showing SHGs are formed. It has been proposed that cw Nd:YAG laser irradiations to glass containing Sm 3+ ions cause continuous f-f transitions ( 6 F 9/2 6 H 5/2 ) in Sm 3+ and continuous electron-phonon couplings (i.e., non-radiative relaxation), consequently inducing thermal effects [5].…”

Optical properties and valence change of samarium ions in a sol–gel Al2O3–B2O3–SiO2 glass by femtosecond laser irradiation

“…The weak sharp bands in the range from the UV to IR therefore originate from the 6 H 5/2 state to the various excited states of the Sm 3+ ions. These absorption bands can be assigned on the basis of earlier research works [16][17][18][19]. These band peaks along with assignments for the Sm 3+ ions in the glass are shown in Table 1.…”