Y chromosome evidence of earliest modern human settlement in East Asia and multiple origins of Tibetan and Japanese populations

Shi, Hong; Zhong, Hua; Peng, Yi; Dong, Yilong; Qi, Xuebin; Zhang, Feng; Liu, Lu-Fang; Tan, Sisi; Runlin, Z.; Xiao, Chunjie; Wells, R. Spencer; Li, Jin; Su, Bing

doi:10.1186/1741-7007-6-45

Cited by 138 publications

(138 citation statements)

References 48 publications

Supporting

Mentioning

129

Contrasting

Unclassified

Order By: Relevance

“…Moreover, D*-M174 is not as predominantly distributed as O3. It is plausible that the more recent and extensive invasion by O3-bearing groups might have wiped out D*-M174, as also pointed out by Shi et al 11 The sporadic presence of D*-M174 in the subHimalayan populations suggests that they might have retained the traces of past events of population migrations and interactions.…”

Section: Sub-himalayan Gene Pools: Reservoirs Of Variationmentioning

confidence: 70%

“…This is contradicted by a recent study pointing southern origin of this haplogroup in East Asia. 11 In the TB-speaking Himalayan collections, although D*-M174 has been found to be negligibly low 12,16 but to a startling surprise, high frequencies (8-65%) of YAP have been reported in some Northeast Indian tribes. 37 In the present study, we detected D*-M174 in two TB-speaking populations, Mech (5.3%) and Lachungpa (36.4%).…”

Section: Sub-himalayan Gene Pools: Reservoirs Of Variationmentioning

confidence: 96%

“…Multiple genetic studies based on the markers present in autosomes, mitochondrial DNA and Y-chromosome in the populations from Tibet have demonstrated that the Tibetan gene pool has largely been contributed by the immigrants from Northeast Asia. 1,3,9 The earlier proposition of Central Asian origin of Tibetans due to high frequency of D*-M174 sub-haplogroup of Y-chromosome 10 has been opposed by a recent study, 11 suggesting its southern origin in East Asia followed by a northward migration. Similarly, genetic diversity studies in the TB-speaking populations inhabiting Nepal and eastern Himalayan regions of Northeast India have indicated that their gene pools not only received East Asian contribution but also bear signatures of South Asian influence.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 94%

See 2 more Smart Citations

Y-chromosome haplogroup diversity in the sub-Himalayan Terai and Duars populations of East India

et al. 2011

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

The sub-Himalayan Terai and Duars, the important outermost zones comprising the plains of East India, are known as the reservoirs of ethnic diversity. Analysis of the paternal genetic diversity of the populations inhabiting these regions and their genetic relationships with adjacent Himalayan and other Asian populations has not been addressed empirically. In the present investigation, we undertook a Y-chromosome phylogeographic study on 10 populations (n¼375) representing four different linguistic groups from the sub-Himalayan Terai and Duars regions of East India. The high-resolution analysis of Y-chromosome haplogroup variations based on 76 binary markers revealed that the sub-Himalayan paternal gene pool is extremely heterogeneous. Three major haplogroups, namely H, O and R, are shared across the four linguistic groups. The Indo-European-speaking castes exhibit more haplogroup diversity than the tribal groups. The findings of the present investigation suggest that the sub-Himalayan gene pools have received predominant Southeast Asian contribution. In addition, the presence of Northeast and South Asian signatures illustrate multiple events of population migrations as well as extensive genetic admixture amongst the linguistic groups.

show abstract

Section: Sub-himalayan Gene Pools: Reservoirs Of Variationmentioning

confidence: 70%

Section: Sub-himalayan Gene Pools: Reservoirs Of Variationmentioning

confidence: 96%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 94%

See 1 more Smart Citation

Y-chromosome haplogroup diversity in the sub-Himalayan Terai and Duars populations of East India

et al. 2011

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…According to history records, Di-Qiang tribes of northwestern China had migrated southward around 3 KYA, admixing with native residents on arrival. 9,10,64,65,71 Su and coworkers suggested that the Bodic (on the north of the Himalayas) and Baric (on the south of the Himalayas) branches 72 of the Tibeto-Burman subfamily populated Tibet and Nepal around 5-6 KYA.…”

Section: Genetic Segregation Of the Populations In Tibetmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Previous studies using classical genetic traits, 3 autosomal microsatellite markers 4,5 and mitochondrial DNA 6 suggest a North Asian origin of Tibetans, while evidences from the Y chromosomal Alu insertion (YAP) marker reveal much more intricate stories for the origin of Tibetan peoples. [7][8][9][10] Not like the Tibetan studies, genetic study on Deng population is totally absent in literature to date, and nothing is known about their origin. Therefore, a genetic study of Deng and comparative analyses with the relevant populations, including Luoba, Tibetans and other East Asians, may shed light on the origin of the Himalayan unique populations.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Genetic structures of the Tibetans and the Deng people in the Himalayas viewed from autosomal STRs

Kang

Gupta

et al. 2010

J Hum Genet

Self Cite

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

In the previous studies, the populations in Tibet exhibited a complicated genetic structure, indicating that those populations might be the admixture of East Asian and South/Central Asian populations, or have a North Asian origin. However, there have not been sufficient genetic data to support this hypothesis. In this study, we analyzed 15 autosomal polymorphic tetranucleotide short tandem repeat loci (D5S818, FGA, D8S1179, D21S11, D7S820, CSF1PO, D3S1358, TH01, D13S317, D16S539, D2S1338, D19S433, vWA, TPOX, D18S51) for three populations from Tibet, namely, Deng/Mishmi (n¼114), Qamdo Tibetan (n¼78) and Lhasa Tibetan (n¼101). The total number of observed alleles and the average heterozygosity for all samples were 394 and 0.7574, respectively. Analysis of molecular variance and estimated G ST (0.0198) for these allele frequency data suggested the genetic divergence among Tibetan populations was significant. Furthermore, our new allele frequency data for 13 loci were compared with those of 41 world populations previously reported. Results from phylogenetic and multidimensional scaling analyses indicated that: (1) the Deng in Tibet has unique genetic characteristics different from the Tibetans; (2) populations living in the Himalayas area (Deng, Luoba/Adi) composed of a distinct cluster and are closely related to each other than to any other ethnic groups in East Asia; (3) the Tibetans are most similar to the North Asians. This genetic structure is consistent with the geographical barriers and linguistic classifications.

show abstract

Prehistoric Colonization and Demographic History of Modern Humans on the Tibetan Plateau

Cui

Ouzhuluobu

et al. 2014

Encyclopedia of Life Sciences

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Tibetans differ significantly from other human populations living at low elevations in terms of their superior physiological adaptation to hypoxia at high altitudes. These adaptations to hypoxic environments, such as those on the Tibetan Plateau, likely reflect a long history of colonisation in the area. Archaeologists have previously proposed the earliest human occupation of the Tibetan Plateau some 40 thousand years ago (ka) in the Upper Palaeolithic, but there is some controversy to this dating, as some researchers are sceptical of these Upper Palaeolithic autochthons surviving the harsh conditions of the Last Glacial Maximum (LGM, 22–18 ka), suggesting that modern Tibetans then descended from immigrants that settled the Plateau following the end of the LGM. Recent genetic evidence somewhat supports the earlier explanation of permanent colonisation of Tibetan Plateau likely 30 ka, during the early Upper Palaeolithic, followed by major migration(s) of Neolithic agriculturalists into the Plateau from the modern‐day northwestern China, eventually leading to the establishment of agriculture and pastoralism on the Plateau, which provided a sufficient and stable food supply necessary for the rapid population growth that occurred on the Plateau around 10–7 ka during the early Neolithic. Key Concepts: The Tibetan Plateau represents one of the most extreme environments for human settlement due to its severe hypoxia at high altitude, making it an ideal ‘natural laboratory’ for studying molecular mechanism of human adaptation to high‐altitude hypoxia. Modern Tibetans possess superior physiological adaptations to hypoxia at high altitudes, likely due to a long history of colonisation of the Tibetan Plateau by their ancestral populations. Researchers are divided on whether modern humans successfully settled on the Plateau during the Upper Palaeolithic and survived the harsh conditions of the Last Glacial Maximum (LGM, 22–18 ka), with sceptics arguing that Tibetans likely descended from postglacial immigrants that settled on the Plateau following the end of the LGM. Recent application of phylogeographic analysis of Y chromosome and mtDNA lineages of modern human populations have proven to be powerful tools in inferring the demographic history of human populations, though there can be marked differences in the resulting models due to different samples and markers. Genetic evidence supports the hypothesis of permanent colonisation of Tibetan Plateau approximately 30 ka in the early Upper Palaeolithic, with some portions of the population surviving the LGM and mixing with the later Neolithic immigrants, who introduced agriculture and pastoralism, which allowed for the rapid population expansion approximately 10–7 ka in the early Neolithic. Both the Upper Palaeolithic autochthons and Neolithic agriculturalists significantly contributed to the observed genetic diversity and adaptation of present‐day Tibetan populations inhabiting the Tibetan Plateau. Recent genetic findings provide novel insights into the prehistoric colonisation and human migration on the Tibetan Plateau, which may have implications to several different fields of study, as well as to genetic researchers in terms of subject selection for studies of genetic adaptation to high‐altitude hypoxia in Tibetan populations as well as others.

show abstract

Y chromosome evidence of earliest modern human settlement in East Asia and multiple origins of Tibetan and Japanese populations

Cited by 138 publications

References 48 publications

Y-chromosome haplogroup diversity in the sub-Himalayan Terai and Duars populations of East India

Y-chromosome haplogroup diversity in the sub-Himalayan Terai and Duars populations of East India

Genetic structures of the Tibetans and the Deng people in the Himalayas viewed from autosomal STRs

Prehistoric Colonization and Demographic History of Modern Humans on the Tibetan Plateau

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About