Xyloglucan Biosynthesis: From Genes to Proteins and Their Functions

Julian, Jordan D.; Zabotina, Olga A.

doi:10.3389/fpls.2022.920494

Cited by 22 publications

(22 citation statements)

References 69 publications

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“…Hemicellulose helps maintain the integrity and stability of the cell wall, and can account for 25% of the secondary wall's content (Baez et al ., 2022 ; Julian and Zabotina, 2022 ). Hemicellulose can be divided into three classes: xylan, glucomannan and galactoglucomannan.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Meliaceae genomes provide insights into wood development and limonoids biosynthesis

Cui

et al. 2022

Plant Biotechnology Journal

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Summary Meliaceae is a useful plant family owing to its high‐quality timber and its many limonoids that have pharmacological and biological activities. Although some genomes of Meliaceae species have been reported, many questions regarding their unique family features, namely wood quality and natural products, have not been answered. In this study, we provide the whole‐genome sequence of Melia azedarach comprising 237.16 Mb with a contig N50 of 8.07 Mb, and an improved genome sequence of Azadirachta indica comprising 223.66 Mb with a contig N50 of 8.91 Mb. Moreover, genome skimming data, transcriptomes and other published genomes were comprehensively analysed to determine the genes and proteins that produce superior wood and valuable limonoids. Phylogenetic analysis of chloroplast genomes, single‐copy gene families and single‐nucleotide polymorphisms revealed that Meliaceae should be classified into two subfamilies: Cedreloideae and Melioideae. Although the Meliaceae species did not undergo additional whole‐genome duplication events, the secondary wall biosynthetic genes of the woody Cedreloideae species, Toona sinensis, expanded significantly compared to those of A. indica and M. azedarach, especially in downstream transcription factors and cellulose/hemicellulose biosynthesis‐related genes. Moreover, expanded special oxidosqualene cyclase catalogues can help diversify Sapindales skeletons, and the clustered genes that regulate terpene chain elongation, cyclization and modification would support their roles in limonoid biosynthesis. The expanded clans of terpene synthase, O‐methyltransferase and cytochrome P450, which are mainly derived from tandem duplication, are responsible for the different limonoid classes among the species. These results are beneficial for further investigations of wood development and limonoid biosynthesis.

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Meliaceae genomes provide insights into wood development and limonoids biosynthesis

Cui

et al. 2022

Plant Biotechnology Journal

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“…The most abundant hemicellulose in type 1 primary cells are xyloglucans, which consists of a β-1-4-glucan backbone with α-1-6 xylosylation (cf. [ 54 ] for detailed description of xyloglucan biosynthesis). The xylans, xyloglucans and (gluco)mannan backbone of β-1,4-linked sugars form an equatorial linkage configuration [ 55 ].…”

Section: Structure and Polysaccharides Of The Plant Cell Wallmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The xylans, xyloglucans and (gluco)mannan backbone of β-1,4-linked sugars form an equatorial linkage configuration [ 55 ]. The xylose residues of xyloglucans are branched with different patterns of arabinose, fructose, galactose and acetylation that vary between species [ 54 , 56 ]. In contrast to the linear cellulose, hemicelluloses have an amorphous structure, and up to 35% of the xylose residues in angiosperm hemicelluloses can be acetylated.…”

Section: Structure and Polysaccharides Of The Plant Cell Wallmentioning

confidence: 99%

Signals and Their Perception for Remodelling, Adjustment and Repair of the Plant Cell Wall

Oelmüller

Tseng

Gandhi

2023

IJMS

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The integrity of the cell wall is important for plant cells. Mechanical or chemical distortions, tension, pH changes in the apoplast, disturbance of the ion homeostasis, leakage of cell compounds into the apoplastic space or breakdown of cell wall polysaccharides activate cellular responses which often occur via plasma membrane-localized receptors. Breakdown products of the cell wall polysaccharides function as damage-associated molecular patterns and derive from cellulose (cello-oligomers), hemicelluloses (mainly xyloglucans and mixed-linkage glucans as well as glucuronoarabinoglucans in Poaceae) and pectins (oligogalacturonides). In addition, several types of channels participate in mechanosensing and convert physical into chemical signals. To establish a proper response, the cell has to integrate information about apoplastic alterations and disturbance of its wall with cell-internal programs which require modifications in the wall architecture due to growth, differentiation or cell division. We summarize recent progress in pattern recognition receptors for plant-derived oligosaccharides, with a focus on malectin domain-containing receptor kinases and their crosstalk with other perception systems and intracellular signaling events.

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“…It is a hemicellulose component of grain, located in the aleurone layer and endosperm of the cell wall [ 34 , 35 ], and is the main molecule related to cellulose microfiber during cell growth [ 36 ]. Xyloglucan [ 37 ] is composed of D-glucopyranose linked by 1,4-β glycosidic bond to form the main chain, and the side chain is linked to O-6 of D-glucopyranose. Xyloglucans can be divided into two types according to the side chain distribution, namely, two xylopyranose units linked to two glucopyranose units (XXGG) and three xylopyranose units linked to one glucopyranose unit (XXXG).…”

Section: Hemicellulosementioning

confidence: 99%

Research Progress in Hemicellulose-Based Nanocomposite Film as Food Packaging

2023

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As the main component of agricultural and forestry biomass, hemicellulose has the advantages of having an abundant source, biodegradability, nontoxicity and good biocompatibility. Its application in food packaging has thus become the focus of efficient utilization of biomass resources. However, due to its special molecular structure and physical and chemical characteristics, the mechanical properties and barrier properties of hemicellulose films are not sufficient, and modification for performance enhancement is still a challenge. In the field of food packaging materials preparation, modification of hemicellulose through blending with nanofibers or nanoparticles, both inorganic and organic, has attracted research attention because this approach offers the advantages of efficient improvement in the expected properties and better cost efficiency. In this paper, the composition of hemicellulose, the classification of nanofillers and the research status of hemicellulose-based nanocomposite films are reviewed. The research progress in modification of hemicellulose by using layered silicate, inorganic nanoparticles and organic nanoparticles in food packaging is described. Challenges and outlook of research in hemicellulose-based nanocomposite film in food packaging is discussed.

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Xyloglucan Biosynthesis: From Genes to Proteins and Their Functions

Cited by 22 publications

References 69 publications

Meliaceae genomes provide insights into wood development and limonoids biosynthesis

Meliaceae genomes provide insights into wood development and limonoids biosynthesis

Signals and Their Perception for Remodelling, Adjustment and Repair of the Plant Cell Wall

Research Progress in Hemicellulose-Based Nanocomposite Film as Food Packaging

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