Xylem water-conducting patterns of 34 broadleaved evergreen trees in southern Japan

Umebayashi, Toshihiro; Utsumi, Yasuhiro; Koga, Shinya; Inoue, Shintaro; Matsumura, Junji; Oda, Kazuhiro; Fujikawa, Seizo; Arakawa, Keita; Otsuki, Kyoichi

doi:10.1007/s00468-010-0428-7

Cited by 39 publications

(30 citation statements)

References 55 publications

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“…Differing responses of diffuse‐porous and ring‐porous species to dry‐season precipitation could be expected because of differences in the hydraulic architecture, water transport physiology, and climate adaptation strategies (see discussions by Kitin and Funada, ; Kudo et al., , ; Umebayashi et al., , ). Temperate species with diffuse‐porous wood typically use several growth increments for water transport and are able to resume sap transport faster than species with ring‐porous structure.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Changes in cambial activity are related to precipitation patterns in four tropical hardwood species grown in Indonesia

Rahman

Nugroho

Nakaba

et al. 2019

American J of Botany

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Premise Cambial activity in some tropical trees varies intra‐annually, with the formation of xylem rings. Identification of the climatic factors that regulate cambial activity is important for understanding the growth of such species. We analyzed the relationship between climatic factors and cambial activity in four tropical hardwoods, Acacia mangium, Tectona grandis, Eucalyptus urophylla, and Neolamarckia cadamba in Yogyakarta, Java Island, Indonesia, which has a rainy season (November–June) and a dry season (July–October). Methods Small blocks containing phloem, cambium, and xylem were collected from main stems in January 2014, October 2015 and October 2016, and examined with light microscopy for cambial cell division, fusiform cambial cells, and expanding xylem cells as evidence of cambial activity. Results During the rainy season, when precipitation was high, cambium was active. By contrast, during the dry season in 2015, when there was no precipitation, cambium was dormant. However, in October 2016, during the so‐called dry season, cambium was active, cell division was conspicuous, and a new xylem ring formation was initiated. The difference in cambial activity appeared to be related to an unusual pattern of precipitation during the typically dry months, from July to October, in 2016. Conclusions Our results indicate that low or absent precipitation for 3 to 4 months induces cessation of cambial activity and temporal periodicity of wood formation in the four species studied. By contrast, in the event of continuing precipitation, cambial activity in the same trees may continue throughout the year. The frequency pattern of precipitation appears to be an important determinant of wood formation in tropical trees.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Changes in cambial activity are related to precipitation patterns in four tropical hardwood species grown in Indonesia

Rahman

Nugroho

Nakaba

et al. 2019

American J of Botany

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“…The coefficient, k differed among species and was almost unity in A. hirsuta. High k (2.865) was observed in Q. acutissima due to the underestimation of J s , rather than A s , which was thought to be overestimated (Umebayashi et al 2010). C. japonica had the highest E among the forest types.…”

Section: Comparison Between the Measured And Modeled Transpiration Ratesmentioning

confidence: 94%

“…For A. hirsuta, sensors were installed at three depths for two trees with DBH > 12 cm and at two depths for five trees with 8 cm < DBH < 12 cm, respectively. Because the sapwood of Q. acutissima is narrow (Umebayashi et al 2010), we assumed that each sensor covered the whole range along the radial profile of the sapwood. The sensors were checked periodically for breakage.…”

Section: Sap Flow Measurementsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…For A. hirsuta and Q. acutissima, because the sapwood was not visibly different from the heartwood and dye injection was not allowed in our sites inside the protected areas in Aso and Kuju National Park, we could not determine A s . Previous study found that sapwood of Q. acutissima was narrow and limited to the peripheral area of the xylem cross section (Umebayashi et al 2010). For further analysis, we assumed that the depth of the sapwood was the same as the length of the probes (1 cm) for Q. acutissima and the depth of the deepest probes with positive sap flux (2-6 cm) for each individual tree of A. hirsuta.…”

Section: Sap Flow Measurementsmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Transpiration of trees in a cool temperate forest on Mt. Aso, Japan: comparison of model simulation and measurements

Miyazawa

Inoue

Maruyama

et al. 2017

Ecological Research

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In the large caldera of Mt. Aso, Japan, artificial grasslands were converted into forests of different species due to the decline of the livestock industry in this region. These changes in species composition are thought to have changed not only the transpiration rates (E), but also the responses in E to variations in environmental conditions. For three introduced forest types, we monitored E using sap flux sensors and computed E with a multilayer model parameterized by independently obtained leaf‐scale ecophysiological traits. Modeled E replicated the time series of measured E reasonably well, but did not reproduce a decrease in E lasting 20 days after a short rainless period in conifer plantation. Mean leaf‐scale stomatal conductance of two deciduous broadleaved tree species was as low as that of trees under dry conditions in other studies, possibly an adaptation for the avoidance of excessive E during rainless periods. These results suggest that land use change influenced E and its response to the rainfall patterns of the region and that drought plays an important role in influencing species‐specific E characteristics in this rainy region. The multilayer model in combination with sap flux measurements was found to be a useful tool not only for the extrapolation of E, but also for the detection of the unexpected events, as long as the measured parameter values capture the species‐specific seasonality in leaf ecophysiological traits.

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“…Four stains were tried, safranin O, phloxine, basic fuchsin, and acid fuchsin, each dissolved in filtered, degassed water. Acid fuchsin, at 0.2% w/w and pH 5.1 (Kitin et al., ; Umebayashi et al., ), moved more rapidly and evenly than did the other stains, appearing at the tip of the blade within 2 h of application (Appendix S1). Similar results were obtained with dye injection to visualize water transport in Pieris japonica (Umebayashi et al., ).…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Hydraulic conductance, resistance, and resilience: how leaves of a tropical epiphyte respond to drought

North

Brinton

Browne

et al. 2019

American J of Botany

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Premise Because of its broad range in the neotropical rainforest and within tree canopies, the tank bromeliad Guzmania monostachia was investigated as a model of how varying leaf hydraulic conductance (Kleaf) could help plants resist and recover from episodic drought. The two pathways of Kleaf, inside and outside the xylem, were also examined to determine the sites and causes of major hydraulic resistances within the leaf. Methods We measured leaf hydraulic conductance for plants in the field and laboratory under wet, dry, and rewetted conditions and applied physiological, anatomical, and gene expression analysis with modeling to investigate changes in Kleaf. Results After 7 d with no rain in the field or 14 days with no water in the glasshouse, Kleaf decreased by 50% yet increased to hydrated values within 4 d of tank refilling. Staining to detect embolism combined with modeling indicated that changes outside the xylem were of greater importance to Kleaf than were changes inside the xylem and were associated with changes in intercellular air spaces (aerenchyma), aquaporin expression and inhibition, and cuticular conductance. Conclusions Low values for all conductances during drying, particularly in pathways outside the xylem, lead to hydraulic resilience for this species and may also contribute to its broad environmental tolerances.

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Xylem water-conducting patterns of 34 broadleaved evergreen trees in southern Japan

Cited by 39 publications

References 55 publications

Changes in cambial activity are related to precipitation patterns in four tropical hardwood species grown in Indonesia

Changes in cambial activity are related to precipitation patterns in four tropical hardwood species grown in Indonesia

Transpiration of trees in a cool temperate forest on Mt. Aso, Japan: comparison of model simulation and measurements

Hydraulic conductance, resistance, and resilience: how leaves of a tropical epiphyte respond to drought

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