Xylem colonization of the legume
            <i>Sesbania rostrata</i>
            by
            <i>Azorhizobium caulinodans</i>

O’Callaghan, K. J.; Davey, M. R.; Cocking, E. C.

doi:10.1098/rspb.1997.0251

Cited by 20 publications

(10 citation statements)

References 27 publications

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“…The fact that the internal colonisation and crack entry of wheat and rice (and Arabidopsis) are not under the control of the usual nod genes suggests that nitrogen fixation is more likely to be endosymbiotic than nodular (Gough et al 1996). The opportunity now exists to carry out a similar investigation in wheat since Azorhizobium caulinodans has been isolated from short lateral roots of wheat and shown to re-invade wheat (by crack entry) and also when nodulating its legume host, Sesbania rostrata (O'Callaghan et al 1997). Labelling studies have also shown clear evidence of substantial xylem colonisation in the case of oilseed rape (O'Callaghan et al 2000), raising the question of the extent to which xylem flow may be impeded.…”

Section: Modified and Engineered Systemsmentioning

confidence: 99%

The current and potential contribution of asymbiotic nitrogen fixation to nitrogen requirements on farms: a review

Kennedy

Islam²

2001

Aust. J. Exp. Agric.

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Significant levels of biological nitrogen fixation from sources other than nodulated legumes have become a tantalizing prospect for decades. Since the benefit to agriculture of nitrogen fixation from nodulated legumes was established, there have been widespread efforts to promote the use of various asymbiotic diazotrophic bacteria to fix extra nitrogen in soil. Despite much optimism by scientists and farmers, this prospect remains to be realised. Recently, the prospect has been pursued with renewed enthusiasm and several commercialised products have appeared. What are the reasons for this fresh enthusiasm? Are the new products based on realistic assessments of their biological potential? Why has it taken so long to advance to a stage where there is still only limited evidence that verifies hope becoming reality?This review assesses the current contribution from asymbiotic nitrogen fixation and re-assesses the prospects for greater contributions from this source. Among the many aspects of this multi-faceted subject that will be considered are: (i) the range of free-living microbial strains currently contributing to signficant asymbiotic nitrogen fixation; (ii) the significance of nitrogen-fixing microbes naturally associated with plants; (iii) the significance of endophytic systems and their role in sugarcane and other Gramineae; (iv) the possibility of extending this range by introducing new strains or discovering new systems capable of contributing additional nitrogen fixation.The case will be made that conditions providing a sustainable contribution for more than a short time are usually missing in such systems so that spontaneous biological nitrogen fixation is usually transient. It will be argued further that if all the positive factors controlling spontaneity at the biothermodynamic level are exploited, significant biological nitrogen fixation may soon be achieved in some of these systems on farms.

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Section: Modified and Engineered Systemsmentioning

confidence: 99%

The current and potential contribution of asymbiotic nitrogen fixation to nitrogen requirements on farms: a review

Kennedy

Islam²

2001

Aust. J. Exp. Agric.

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“…phaseoli, trifolii and viceae (Chabot et al 1996;Yanni et al 1997;Chi et al 2000, Matiru andDakora, 2004), Rhizobium sp. (Alami et al 2000;Gutiérrez-Zamora and Martibez-Romero, 2001;Afzal and Bano, 2008), Bradyrhizobium japonicum (Matiru and Dakora, 2004), photosynthetic bradyrhizobia (Chaintreuil et al 2000), Sinorhizobium meliloti (Matiru and Dakora, 2004), Azorhizobium caulinodans (Gough et al 1996;O'Callaghan et al 1997;Chi et al 2000) and Burkholderia brasilensis (Baldani et al 1997b).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Screening of Endophytic Bacteria Associated with Ceratonia siliqua L. Plant Using Molecular Marker Repetitive Extragenic Palindromic (Rep)-PCR

Konaté¹,

Koffi²,

Koulibaly³

et al. 2015

GJAS

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Repetitive extragenic palindromic (Rep)-PCR was used to screen and to characterize the natives endophytic bacteria isolated from roots (IRC) and epicotyls (IEC) of young carob (Ceratonia siliqua L.) plant collected from different Moroccan localities. Genomic DNA of 80 bacteria (69 IRC and 11 IEC), 7 strains of RCM and 13 strains of reference rhizobia were successfully carried. The complementary primers of Rep induced reproducible PCR fingerprint patterns and generated more bands polymorphs and useful for distinguishing the isolates from each other. We obtained respectively 6, 17 and 35 polymorphic bands with IEC, RCM and IRC strains with the size ranging between 380 to 7250 pb. Dendrogram based upon UPGMA analysis of Rep-PCR patterns showed high degree of genetic diversity among indigenous carob endophytic bacteria. At 87 % of similarity, we revealed a wide polymorphism and obtained 2 greats clusters, 6 smalls groups and 24 independent lines. Rep-PCR technology allowed us, firstly to characterize 14 IRC genetically belonging to RMC, Sinorhizobium sp, Rhizobium sp and Agrobacterium sp; and secondly, to revalue the exact number of our collection to 45 strains and to select excessively34 endophytic bacteria original from seven Moroccan regions for futures works.

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“…Also, it is now clear that the energy required for the reduction of nitrogen to ammonia in nitrogen fixation is no greater than that required for the production of ammonia by the reduction of nitrate, the main form of nitrogen assimilated by plants. 12 The discovery that Azorhizobium is able to colonize the xylem of its legume host 13 , and non-legumes such as wheat 14 and rice 15 , has provided an important parallel with the internal colonization of sugarcane by diazotrophic bacteria. Experiments are being undertaken to inoculate cereals and other non-legume crops with Acetobacter and with Azorhizobium to try to establish these diazotrophs within the crop plant to investigate the extent to which they will fix nitrogen of benefit to growth and development.…”

Section: Expectationsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Helping plants get more nitrogen from the air

Cocking¹

2000

European Review

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Plants cannot themselves obtain their nitrogen from the air but rely mainly on the supply of combined nitrogen in the form of ammonia, or nitrates, resulting from nitrogen fixation by free-living bacteria in the soil or bacteria living symbiotically in nodules on the roots of legumes. Increased crop yields in the twentieth century required this biological nitrogen fixation to be supplemented increasingly by the use of fixed nitrogen from chemical fertilizers. The development of the Haber–Bosch process for catalytically combining atmospheric nitrogen with hydrogen from fossil fuels to produce ammonia enabled increased crop yields. However, energy and environmental concerns arising from the overuse of nitrogenous fertilizers have highlighted the need for plants to obtain more of their nitrogen from the air by biological nitrogen fixation. New systems are being developed for increased biological nitrogen fixation with cereals and other non-legumes by establishing nitrogen-fixing bacteria within their roots. This new inoculation technology is aimed at significantly reducing the use of synthetic nitrogenous fertilizers in world agriculture.

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Xylem colonization of the legume Sesbania rostrata by Azorhizobium caulinodans

Cited by 20 publications

References 27 publications

The current and potential contribution of asymbiotic nitrogen fixation to nitrogen requirements on farms: a review

The current and potential contribution of asymbiotic nitrogen fixation to nitrogen requirements on farms: a review

Screening of Endophytic Bacteria Associated with Ceratonia siliqua L. Plant Using Molecular Marker Repetitive Extragenic Palindromic (Rep)-PCR

Helping plants get more nitrogen from the air

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