Xylem anatomical traits determine the variation in wood density and water storage of plants in tropical semiarid climate

Carvalho, Ellen Cristina Dantas; Souza, Bruno Cruz de; Silva, Marília S; Menezes, Bruno Sousa; Martins, Fernando Roberto; Araújo, Francisca Soares de; Soares, Arlete A.

doi:10.1016/j.flora.2022.152185

Cited by 4 publications

(2 citation statements)

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“…(2009) reported that more significant changes in the tracheid dimension had been observed in P. sylvestris due to increased drought severity in the Iberian Peninsula and some other conifers of the Alps range. Our results indicated that variations in wood density fractions are significant in determining xylem anatomical features and could explain the correlation between climate changes and tree growth ( Carvalho et al., 2022 ). In this study, the high correlation between the earlywood and precipitation indicates a higher proportion of earlywood among the whole wood.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 76%

“…Moroever, the Mongolian forests and grasslands of northern regions have also been degraded by dry wind, desertification, soil salinization, and erosion. Environmental changes drastically impact this fragile area and its vicinity, especially in the context of global warming and seasonal water deficit ( Bao, 2015 ; Carvalho et al, 2022 ). Northeastern region’s forests are affected by reduced rainfall, increased temperatures, and frequent periods of extreme dryness; therefore, studies of forests in northeast China are critical because of their sensitivity and vulnerability to harsh conditions in the frozen ground in the context of regional and global climate change ( Zhang et al., 2018 ).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Xylem anatomical responses of Larix Gmelinii and Pinus Sylvestris influenced by the climate of Daxing’an mountains in Northeastern China

et al. 2023

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Wood anatomy and plant hydraulics play a significant role in understanding species-specific responses and their ability to manage rapid environmental changes. This study used the dendro-anatomical approach to assess the anatomical characteristics and their relation to local climate variability in the boreal coniferous tree species Larix gmelinii (Dahurian larch) and Pinus sylvestris var. mongolica (Scots pine) at an altitude range of 660 m to 842 m. We measured the xylem anatomical traits (lumen area (LA), cell wall thickness (CWt), cell counts per ring (CN), ring width (RW), and cell sizes in rings) of both species at four different sites Mangui (MG), Wuerqihan (WEQH), Moredagha (MEDG) and Alihe (ALH) and investigated their relationship with temperature and precipitation of those sites along a latitude gradient. Results showed that all chronologies have strong summer temperature correlations. LA extremes were mostly associated with climatic variation than CWt and RWt. MEDG site species showed an inverse correlation in different growing seasons. The correlation coefficient with temperature indicated significant variations in the May-September months at MG, WEQH, and ALH sites. These results suggest that climatic seasonality changes in the selected sites positively affect hydraulic efficiency (increase in the diameter of the earlywood cells) and the width of the latewood produced in P. sylvestris. In contrast, L. gmelinii showed the opposite response to warm temperatures. It is concluded that xylem anatomical responses of L. gmelinii and P. sylvestris showed varied responses to different climatic factors at different sites. These differences between the two species responses to climate are due to the change of site condition on a large spatial and temporal scale.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 76%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Xylem anatomical responses of Larix Gmelinii and Pinus Sylvestris influenced by the climate of Daxing’an mountains in Northeastern China

et al. 2023

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Variations in wood anatomy in Afrotropical trees with a particular emphasis on radial and axial parenchyma

Plavcová,

Jandová,

Altman

et al. 2024

Annals of Botany

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Background and Aims Understanding anatomical variations across plant phylogenies and environmental gradients is vital for comprehending plant evolution and adaptation. Prior studies on tropical woody plants have paid limited attention to quantitative differences in major xylem tissues, which serve specific roles in mechanical support (fibers), carbohydrate storage and radial conduction (radial parenchyma, rays), wood capacitance (axial parenchyma), and water transport (vessels). To address this gap, we investigate xylem fractions in 173 tropical tree species spanning 134 genera and 53 families along a 2200 m elevational gradient on Mount Cameroon, West Africa. Methods We determined how elevation, stem height, and wood density affect interspecific differences in vessel, fiber, and specific axial (AP) and radial (RP) parenchyma fractions. We focus on quantifying distinct subcategories of homogenous or heterogeneous rays and apotracheal, paratracheal, and banded axial parenchyma. Key Results Elevation-related cooling correlated with reduced AP fractions and vessel diameters, while fiber fractions increased. Lower elevations exhibited elevated AP fractions due to abundant paratracheal and wide-banded parenchyma in tall trees from coastal and lowland forests. Vasicentric and aliform AP were predominantly associated with greater tree height and wider vessels, which might help cope with high evaporative demands via elastic wood capacitance. In contrast, montane trees featured a higher fiber proportion, scarce axial parenchyma, smaller vessel diameters, and higher vessel densities. The lack of AP in montane trees was often compensated by extended uniseriate ray sections with upright or squared ray cells or the presence of living fibers. Conclusions Elevation gradient influenced specific xylem fractions, with lower elevations showing elevated AP due to abundant paratracheal and wide-banded parenchyma, securing greater vessel-to-parenchyma connectivity and lower embolism risk. Montane trees featured a higher fiber proportion and smaller vessel diameters, which may aid survival under greater environmental seasonality and fire risk.

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Tree species differ in plant economic spectrum traits in the tropical dry forest of Mexico

Alvarado,

Terrazas

2023

PLoS ONE

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In tropical dry forests, studies on wood anatomical traits have concentrated mainly on variations in vessel diameter and frequency. Recent research suggests that parenchyma and fibers also play an important role in water conduction and in xylem hydraulic safety. However, these relationships are not fully understood, and wood trait variation among different functional profiles as well as their variation under different water availability scenarios have been little studied. In this work, we aim to (1) characterize a set of wood anatomical traits among six selected tree species that represent the economic spectrum of tropical dry forests, (2) assess the variation in these traits under three different rainfall regimes, and (3) determine the relationships between wood anatomical traits and possible functional trade-offs. Differences among species and sites in wood traits were explored. Linear mixed models were fitted, and model comparison was performed. Most variation occurred among species along the economic spectrum. Obligate deciduous, low wood density species were characterized by wood with wide vessels and low frequency, suggesting high water transport capacity but sensitivity to drought. Moreover, high cell fractions of carbon and water storage were also found in these tree species related to the occurrence of abundant parenchyma or septate fibers. Contrary to what most studies show, Cochlospermum vitifolium, a succulent tree species, presented the greatest variation in wood traits. Facultative deciduous, high wood density species were characterized by a sturdy vascular system that may favor resistance to cavitation and low reserve storage. Contrary to our expectations, variation among the rainfall regimes was generally low in all species and was mostly related to vessel traits, while fiber and parenchyma traits presented little variation among species. Strong functional associations between wood anatomical traits and functional trade-offs were found for the six tree species studied along the economic spectrum of tropical dry forests.

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Xylem anatomical traits determine the variation in wood density and water storage of plants in tropical semiarid climate

Cited by 4 publications

References 81 publications

Xylem anatomical responses of Larix Gmelinii and Pinus Sylvestris influenced by the climate of Daxing’an mountains in Northeastern China

Xylem anatomical responses of Larix Gmelinii and Pinus Sylvestris influenced by the climate of Daxing’an mountains in Northeastern China

Variations in wood anatomy in Afrotropical trees with a particular emphasis on radial and axial parenchyma

Tree species differ in plant economic spectrum traits in the tropical dry forest of Mexico

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