Xylazine Hydrochloridine (Rompun) Overdose in Man

Carruthers, S. George; Nelson, Mary Elizabeth S.; Wexler, H. R.; Stiller, C. R.

doi:10.3109/15563657908989878

Cited by 54 publications

(24 citation statements)

References 5 publications

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“…The xylazine and ketamine combination also presents less risk to field staff. Neither xylazine (Carruthers et al, 1979) nor ketamine (Kreeger et al, 2002) is lethal to humans in small dosages.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Immobilization of Himalayan Tahr With a Xylazine–ketamine Mixture and Reversal With Atipamezole Under Field Conditions

Dematteis

Menzano

Tizzani

et al. 2006

Journal of Wildlife Diseases

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ABSTRACT:Twenty-nine free-ranging Himalayan tahr (Hemitragus jemlahicus) were darted in the Sagarmatha National Park (Nepal) using different combinations of xylazine and ketamine. Animals in Group 1 (n54) received a mean xylazine-ketamine dose of 2.7760.99 mg/kg xylazine plus 3.3260.19 mg/kg ketamine in males and 2.3960.10 mg/kg xylazine plus 4.2960.17 mg/kg ketamine in females. Animals in Group 2 (n525) received a mean xylazine-ketamine dose of 1.7060.41 mg/kg xylazine plus 3.0660.74 mg/kg ketamine in males and 1.8260.29 mg/kg xylazine plus 3.2960.52 mg/kg ketamine in females. No anesthetic-related mortality was recorded. Anesthesia was reversed by a standard dose of 11 mg/animal of atipamezole administered by intramuscular injection. Although all anesthetic dosages immobilized free-ranging tahr successfully, a quick and smooth recovery was obtained (11.165.6 min) only with the dosages of Group 2.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Immobilization of Himalayan Tahr With a Xylazine–ketamine Mixture and Reversal With Atipamezole Under Field Conditions

Dematteis

Menzano

Tizzani

et al. 2006

Journal of Wildlife Diseases

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“…Oral activated charcoal can be administered after ingestions of xylazine. Naloxone has not been effective in reversing the sedation caused by xylazine in several reported cases (1,7,8,11,12). The predicted large volume of distribution suggests that hemodialysis would be an ineffective means of enhancing elimination.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 93%

“…The metabolism is likely hepatic and approximately 70% of the drug undergoes renal elimination (1). The LD 50 in dogs and horses ranges from 50 -70 mg/kg administered parenterally (7). The LD 50 in humans is estimated to be 15 mg/kg, but is not well defined due to limited experience with its use in humans (8).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Systemic toxicity after an ocular exposure to xylazine hydrochloride

Velez¹,

Shepherd²,

Mills³

et al. 2006

The Journal of Emergency Medicine

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“…Xylazine, a centrally acting a-2 agonist commonly used as a veterinary tranquilizer, was present in heroin, cocaine and fentanyl abuse cases that resulted in mortality [6,7]. Xylazine may cause hypotension, diffuse T-wave inversion on ECG, and elevation of cardiac biomarkers [8]. A sympathomimetic agent such as cocaine contributes to cardiac toxicity.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Pediatric cardiac toxicity associated with fentanyl ingestion

Chuang

Saleh

Alyahya

2018

Toxicology Communications

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In North America, opioid-related deaths are on the rise. We report a case of pediatric cardiac toxicity likely related to illicit fentanyl ingestion. A 14-year-old male ingested half of an illicit pill. Two hours post-ingestion, the patient experienced loss of consciousness, hypotension, cyanosis and diaphoresis. He reported chest pain 8 hours post-hospital arrival. Initial lab reports revealed elevations in lactate and high-sensitivity troponin concentrations. A chest radiograph revealed a right-sided aspiration pneumonia. An electrocardiogram showed ST elevation over the anterior leads and T wave inversion over the inferior leads. An echocardiogram demonstrated borderline systolic function. Initial cardiac magnetic resonance imaging revealed inflammation. Comprehensive urine drug screen was positive for fentanyl and its metabolites, cannabinoids, ondansetron, metoclopramide and ranitidine and was negative for xylazine. The management included administration of non-invasive positive-pressure ventilation, naloxone, acetaminophen, ceftriaxone, and clindamycin. Hypotension was treated with calcium gluconate, dopamine, and norepinephrine. He was able to wean off inotropes the next day and went home 5 days postpresentation. A repeat cardiac MRI performed six months post-ingestion was normal. Illicit fentanyl use in an adolescent appeared to cause myocardial injury with cardiogenic shock, elevated serum troponins, and transient abnormalities on electrocardiography and cardiac imaging.

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Xylazine Hydrochloridine (Rompun) Overdose in Man

Cited by 54 publications

References 5 publications

Immobilization of Himalayan Tahr With a Xylazine–ketamine Mixture and Reversal With Atipamezole Under Field Conditions

Immobilization of Himalayan Tahr With a Xylazine–ketamine Mixture and Reversal With Atipamezole Under Field Conditions

Systemic toxicity after an ocular exposure to xylazine hydrochloride

Pediatric cardiac toxicity associated with fentanyl ingestion

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