Xylariaceae on the Fringe

Abstract

The Xylariaceae is one of the best-known pyrenomycete families (Ascomycota) and is distributed throughout the world. The majority are wood inhabitants and are prevalent in tropical and subtropical regions. Halorosellinia oceanicum is the most widely distributed in mangroves and can be regarded as truly manglicolous being frequently recorded as the dominant member of the family in such environments in S.E. Asia. In Malaysian mangroves, members of the Xylariaceae have been found to be numerically important with up to 9% present in one mangrove ecosystem. A further twelve xylariaceous genera are reported as occurring as their teleomorphs in mangrove forest and their immediate surroundings including Anthostomella, Astrocystis, Biscogniauxia, Camillea, Daldinia, Fasciatispora, Hypoxylon, Kretzschmaria, Nemania, Nipicola, Rosellinia and Xylaria. Furthermore, the presence of species from a number of these taxa, especially species of Anthostomella and Xylaria, are regularly isolated as endophytes from a variety of mangrove plant species. Mangrove Xylariaceae are also well known for their ability to produce novel and often bioactive metabolites.

Molecular and morphological characterization of Xylaria karsticola (Ascomycota) isolated from the fruiting body of Macrolepiota procera (Basidiomycota) from Bulgaria

“…The cultural characteristics and morphology are a reliable way for identification of xylariaceous fungi, but the limited taxonomic resolution of the asexual state (only morphological characters) often could be a reason for inaccurate identification [ 13 , 17 , 64 ].…”

Antagonistic Activity of Wood-Inhabiting Xylaria Species Against Other Fungi in Dual Culture Experiments

“…Among them Xylaria polymorpha (Pers.) Grev and Xylaria longipes Nitschke are common representatives predominant in almost all forested habitats ranging from temperate to tropical regions (Chareprasert et al, 2011). These are closely related species, which are hardly distinguishable as both exhibit similar highly variable stromatal shapes and are mainly separated based on certain micromorphological features.…”