Xylanase Inhibitors Affect the Action of Exogenous Enzymes Used to Supplement Triticum durum-Based Diets for Broiler Chicks

Ponte, P I P; Ferreira, L.M.A.; Soares, Mariana; Gama, L. T.; Fontes, C.M.G.A.

doi:10.1093/japr/13.4.660

Cited by 35 publications

(20 citation statements)

References 16 publications

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“…The magnitude of the inhibitory effect varies among species and different cultivars of barley and wheat. A similar trend has been reported for xylanases, where the effect of commercial xylanases varies significantly among species and cultivars [13,30]. In the present study, the highest inhibition rates were observed using GPE from maize and Fusarium infected wheat.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 90%

Aspergillus ficuum phytase activity is inhibited by cereal grain components

et al. 2017

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In the current study, we report for the first time that grain components of barley, rice, wheat and maize can inhibit the activity of Aspergillus ficuum phytase. The phytase inhibition is dose dependent and varies significantly between cereal species, between cultivars of barley and cultivars of wheat and between Fusarium graminearum infected and non-infected wheat grains. The highest endpoint level of phytase activity inhibition was 90%, observed with grain protein extracts (GPE) from F. graminearum infected wheat. Wheat GPE from grains infected with F. graminearum inhibits phytase activity significantly more than GPE from non-infected grains. For four barley cultivars studied, the IC50 value ranged from 0.978 ± 0.271 to 3.616 ± 0.087 mg×ml-1. For two non-infected wheat cultivars investigated, the IC50 values were varying from 2.478 ± 0.114 to 3.038 ± 0.097 mg×ml-1. The maize and rice cultivars tested gaveIC50 values on 0.983 ± 0.205 and 1.972 ± 0.019 mg×ml-1, respectively. After purifying the inhibitor from barley grains via Superdex G200, an approximately 30–35 kDa protein was identified. No clear trend for the mechanism of inhibition could be identified via Michaelis-Menten kinetics and Lineweaver-Burk plots. However, testing of the purified phytase inhibitor together with the A. ficuum phytase and the specific protease inhibitors pepstatin A, E64, EDTA and PMSF revealed that pepstatin A repealed the phytase inhibition. This indicates that the observed inhibition of A. ficuum phytase by cereal grain extracts is caused by protease activity of the aspartic proteinase type.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 90%

Aspergillus ficuum phytase activity is inhibited by cereal grain components

et al. 2017

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“…In accordance with our results, several studies well documented that xylanase supplementation improved the growth performance of broiler chickens fed wheat-based diets (Engberg et al 2004;Ponte et al 2004;Kiarie et al 2014;Smeets et al 2014). The beneficial role of NSP-degrading enzymes has been explained by many authors.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 92%

Effects of two native Iranian wheat cultivars, processing method, and enzyme supplementation on performance, carcass, intestinal morphology, and microbiota activity in broiler chickens

Rezaeipour

Hasanpour

Janitabar

et al. 2016

Journal of Applied Animal Research

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A 2 × 2 × 2 factorial arrangement of treatments was used to investigate the effects of two Iranian wheat cultivars (Alvand or Atrak), two processing methods (dry heating or microwave), and two enzyme (Kemzyme) levels on the performance, microbiota activity, and intestinal morphology of broiler chickens. A total of 320 broiler chickens were assigned to 8 treatments with 4 replicate pens of 10 broiler chickens per pen. The results showed that birds that received Alvand cultivar with microwave processing and enzyme supplementation had greater weight gain and feed conversion ratio (FCR) than those that received Atrak cultivar (P < .05). The total bacteria count in ileo-caecum was greater in broilers fed wheat-based diets with enzyme and dry heating process (P < .05). Atrak cultivar, microwave processing, and enzyme supplementation increased the population of Lactobacilli in broiler chickens (P < .05). Besides, the inclusion of enzyme decreased the population of E. coli in the ileo-caecum of broiler chickens (P < .05). The morphological traits of the intestine were greater in birds that received Atrak cultivar with enzyme supplementation and microwave treatment (P < .05). In conclusion, the positive effects of microwave processing and enzyme supplementation on the growth performance and intestinal morphology were clearly evident for broiler chickens. ARTICLE HISTORY

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“…Brufau et al (2006) indicated the presence of XI as a cause of the variable results observed with xylanase supplementation in poultry feeds. This observation was also discussed by Ponte et al (2004), who found that the in vitro activity of EX-XYL was considerably reduced in the presence of Triticum durum wheat extracts. Perez-Vendrell and Brufau (unpublished data) studied the role of XI on the performance of poultry fed wheatbased diets.…”

supporting

confidence: 54%

“…The implications of the presence of GA-XYL and XI in processes in which EX-XYL are added have been reviewed by several authors Juge and Svensson 2006;Dornez et al 2009). This observation was also discussed by Ponte et al (2004), who found that the in vitro activity of EX-XYL was considerably reduced in the presence of Triticum durum wheat extracts. However, little attention has been given to their role in animal feed, and their relevance, especially when the feed is conditioned at a high temperature, is not totally clear (Cowieson et al 2006;Juge and Svensson 2006).…”

mentioning

confidence: 98%

Temperature Resistance of Xylanase Inhibitors and the Presence of Grain‐Associated Xylanases Affect the Activity of Exogenous Xylanases Added to Pelleted Wheat‐Based Feeds

et al. 2014

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Cereal Chem. 91(6):572-577The addition of exogenous xylanases (EX-XYL) to wheat-based poultry feeds is a common practice today. Wheat contains xylanase inhibitors (XI) and grain-associated xylanases (GA-XYL), which could affect the action of the EX-XYL. In this study, both GA-XYL and XI activity in feeding-quality wheat were assessed. In addition, the effect of the conditions during digestion in monogastrics and the effects of pelleting at different conditioning temperatures on GA-XYL and XI were investigated. The GA-XYL activity varied between no activity and 0.821 XU/g. In contrast, the XI activity was consistently high in all wheat samples and ranged between 259 and 331 IU/g. Simulating the digestive process did not affect the activities of GA-XYL or XI. Pelleting at 85°C or higher reduced the XI activity up to 46%. GA-XYL, however, were more heat-sensitive, and their activity was reduced to 67% at 60°C. The extract viscosity increased and the release of reducing sugars decreased at higher conditioning temperatures. In addition, the net effect of EX-XYL on extract viscosity increased at higher temperatures, whereas the release of reducing sugars was not affected. In conclusion, XI affected the action of EX-XYL during the digestive process, and pelleting did not eliminate their negative effects.

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Xylanase Inhibitors Affect the Action of Exogenous Enzymes Used to Supplement Triticum durum-Based Diets for Broiler Chicks

Cited by 35 publications

References 16 publications

Aspergillus ficuum phytase activity is inhibited by cereal grain components

Aspergillus ficuum phytase activity is inhibited by cereal grain components

Effects of two native Iranian wheat cultivars, processing method, and enzyme supplementation on performance, carcass, intestinal morphology, and microbiota activity in broiler chickens

Temperature Resistance of Xylanase Inhibitors and the Presence of Grain‐Associated Xylanases Affect the Activity of Exogenous Xylanases Added to Pelleted Wheat‐Based Feeds

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