XXII.—The Cestoda of the Scottish National Antarctic Expedition

Rennie, John; Reid, Alexander

doi:10.1017/s0080456800002945

Cited by 15 publications

(11 citation statements)

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“…In summary, morphology of proglottids of present "Diphyllobothrium" species were most consistent with descriptions of D. scoticum. This Antarctic cestode species was firstly collected by Rennie and Reid (1912) during Scotia Scottish National Antarctic expedition (1902)(1903)(1904) and described as Dibothriocephalus scoticus from leopard seals (Hydrurga leptonyx) and later renamed as Diphyllobothrium scoticum by Meggitt (1924). Most detailed descriptions are given by Fuhrmann (1921) from collections of Scotia, Markowski (1952b) from several worms found in four leopard seals of British Graham Land expedition and Yurakhno and Maltsev (1994) with data summarized from 21 specimens from leopard seals of Balleny island.…”

Section: 4(6)mentioning

confidence: 99%

Gastrointestinal Parasites and Bacteria in Free-Living South American Sea Lions (Otaria flavescens) in Chilean Comau Fjord and New Host Record of a Diphyllobothrium scoticum-Like Cestode

et al. 2018

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Present study aimed to characterize gastrointestinal parasites and culturable bacteria from free-living South American sea lions (Otaria flavescens) inhabiting waters of Comau Fjord, Patagonia, Chile. Therefore, a total of 28 individual fecal samples were collected from sea lions within their natural marine habitat during several diving expeditions. Using classical parasitological techniques, study revealed infections with five different gastrointestinal parasite genera. In addition, bacterial cultures showed presence of at least 28 different bacterial genera. Referring to parasites, protozoan, and metazoan species were found with some of them bearing anthropozoonotic potential and/or pathogenic impact for these marine mammals. As such, four of identified parasite genera harbored zoonotic potential (i.e., Entamoeba, Balantidium, Diphyllobothrium, Anisakis) and one genus (Parafilaroides) represented a specific lungworm of marine pinnipeds. Proglottids from fecal samples showed high morphological homology to "Diphyllobothrium" scoticum (Rennie and Reid, 1912; Meggitt, 1924), which was found in Antarctic sea leopards (Hydrurga leptonyx; Phocidae), but contained eggs of smaller size. Molecular characterization revealed 97-100% identity to a new "Diphyllobothrium" species which was recently isolated from a Californian sea lion (Zalophus californianus; Otariidae) in San Francisco. As such, O. flavescens represents a new host record for this parasite species. Furthermore, potential zoonotic bacteria (i.e., Clostridium, Escherichia, Vibrio, Yersinia, Salmonella) were identified amongst others in O. flavescens indicating a reservoir role for these pinnipeds in marine ecosystem. Current data should be considered as a baseline study for future monitoring surveys on anthropozoonotic pathogens circulating in wild free-living sea lions and their possible impact on public health issues and marine wildlife.

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Section: 4(6)mentioning

confidence: 99%

Gastrointestinal Parasites and Bacteria in Free-Living South American Sea Lions (Otaria flavescens) in Chilean Comau Fjord and New Host Record of a Diphyllobothrium scoticum-Like Cestode

et al. 2018

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“…Helminths from birds were described by von Linstow (1888von Linstow ( , 1906, Rennie and Reid (1912), Railliet and Henry (1912), Atkinson (1914, 1915), and others. The first opportunities to make collections in regions of high southern latitude were provided by the various national expeditions to the Antarctic.…”

Section: Historical Considerationsmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Biology of Avian Parasites: Helminths

Rausch¹

1983

Avian Biology

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“…According to the key of marine tapeworm larvae established by Jensen and Bullard (2010) , both merocercoids represent larval type XV. These merocercoids have a wide geographic distribution and have been reported in numerous cetacean species worldwide ( Norman, 1997 ; Abollo et al, 1998 ; Cornaglia et al, 2000 ; Failla Siquier and Le Bas, 2003 ; Beron-Vera et al, 2008 ; Colon-Llavina et al, 2009 ; Carvalho et al, 2010 ; Oliveira et al, 2011 ), but have also been reported from pinnipeds ( Rennie and Reid, 1912 ; Southwell and Walker, 1936 ; Bester, 1989 ; Pansegrouw, 1990 ; Stewardson and Fourie, 1998 ; McFarlane et al, 2009 ). In captive fur seals, two cases of phyllobothriidian merocercoids were reported ( Cordes and O'Hara, 1979 ; Mendonca, 1984 ).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Subcutaneous merocercoids of Clistobothrium sp. in two Cape fur seals (Arctocephalus pusillus pusillus)

Klotz¹,

Hirzmann

Bauer

et al. 2018

International Journal for Parasitology: Parasites and Wildlife

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Fur seals represent intermediate hosts of the cestode Clistobothrium. Large sharks are definitive hosts for these parasites. Two female, 25– and 27-year-old fur seals, caught in the 1980s at the South African coast, were examined pathomorphologically. Both animals showed multifocal, up to 1 cm in diameter large cavities of the thoracic and abdominal subcutaneous adipose tissue containing intraluminal metacestodes of tapeworms, which were surrounded by a locally extensive, pyogranulomatous panniculitis. The metacestodes (merocercoids) of one fur seal were isolated from the subcutaneous adipose tissue and characterized morphologically and for the first time from this host by molecular techniques. The morphometric data corresponded with ‘delphini'-morphotype merocercoids, but the sequence of the partial 28S ribosomal RNA gene identified them as conspecific with merocercoids of the morphotype ‘grimaldii’. These merocercoid types are morphologically Type XV metacestodes of marine tapeworms and represent different species of Clistobothrium. Sequence data were generated for 18S, ITS1, 5.8S, ITS2, partial 28S ribosomal DNA and partial mitochondrial cox1 gene and phylogenetic analysis of 18S rRNA and partial 28S rRNA genes identified the fur seal merocercoids as Clistobothrium species. However, it cannot yet be assigned to species level because of limited molecular data from adult stages. Most likely, both fur seals were infected as juveniles in their original habitat, the coastal regions of South Africa. The metacestode infection is probably an incidental finding, however, there is a chronic inflammatory reaction next to the subcutaneous merocercoids. It is noteworthy, that the merocercoids remain in a potentially infective stage even after more than 20 years.

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XXII.—The Cestoda of the Scottish National Antarctic Expedition

Cited by 15 publications

References 0 publications

Gastrointestinal Parasites and Bacteria in Free-Living South American Sea Lions (Otaria flavescens) in Chilean Comau Fjord and New Host Record of a Diphyllobothrium scoticum-Like Cestode

Gastrointestinal Parasites and Bacteria in Free-Living South American Sea Lions (Otaria flavescens) in Chilean Comau Fjord and New Host Record of a Diphyllobothrium scoticum-Like Cestode

The Biology of Avian Parasites: Helminths

Subcutaneous merocercoids of Clistobothrium sp. in two Cape fur seals (Arctocephalus pusillus pusillus)

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