XPS investigations of ink‐jet printed paper

Lützenkirchen‐Hecht, Dirk; Rohrmann, Kay; Stöcker, Thomas; Thiel, Wolfgang

doi:10.1002/sia.2595

Cited by 13 publications

(3 citation statements)

References 40 publications

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“…The peaks at 284.5, 286.04, and 288.18 eV in the XPS spectrum of C 1s (Figure 5c) were attributed to the CC aromatic carbons, carbon atoms directly bonded to oxygen (COH and/or COC), and carbonyl groups, respectively (Malas et al, 2017; Singh et al, 2019; Zayed, Eisa, & Anis, 2022). The deconvolution of the O 1s spectrum revealed two components at around 532.04 and 532.9 eV that were ascribed to the CO groups and the oxygen of the phenol groups, respectively (Figure 5d) (Bourhis et al, 2011; Lützenkirchen‐Hecht et al, 2007).…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Mass production of morin‐stabilized silver nanoparticles: Characterization, antioxidant, and antimicrobial activities

Zayed,

Abdel‐Monem,

Arafa

et al. 2023

Microscopy Res & Technique

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Phytochemical‐conjugated silver nanoparticles (AgNPs) are believed to act as a bridge between nanotechnology and therapy. There is a significant need for green and mass production of such materials due to their extensive applications, especially in the biomedical sector. In this study, morin‐stabilized silver nanoparticles (morin/AgNPs) were synthesized on a massive scale using a one‐pot solid‐state technique. The reaction is achieved by ball milling of morin and silver nitrate powders at ambient temperature without any solvent or toxic reagent. The prepared morin/AgNPs exhibited a semi‐hexagonal shape and ranged in size from 21 to 43 nm. The x‐ray diffraction results elucidated the formation of highly crystalline AgNPs. Fourier transform infrared and x‐ray photoelectron spectroscopic analyses prove that the hydroxyl, carbonyl, and aromatic functionalities in morin are playing major roles in the reduction and stabilization of AgNPs. The antioxidant potential of morin/AgNPs was evaluated utilizing 2,2‐Diphenyl‐1‐picryl‐hydrazyl (DPPH) assay. Morin/AgNPs exhibited better free radical scavenging activity (IC50 = 11.7 μg/mL) than morin (IC50 = 14.8 μg/mL). Furthermore, the synthesized AgNPs showed promising antimicrobial activity against Escherichia coli, Klebsiella pneumonia, Staphylococcus aureus, Streptococcus mutans, and Candida albicans. The largest inhibition zones were observed against S. aureus (21.2 ± 0.6 mm) and K. pneumonia (20.3 ± 0.5 mm) bacteria. The foregoing results highlighted the prospective application of morin/AgNPs as a promising antioxidant and antimicrobial material for safe medical applications.Research Highlights A simple green route for the large‐scale production of AgNPs was developed. Morin acts as reducing/stabilizing agent in solid‐state synthesis of AgNPs. Morin/AgNPs exhibited promising antimicrobial and antioxidant activity.

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Mass production of morin‐stabilized silver nanoparticles: Characterization, antioxidant, and antimicrobial activities

Zayed,

Abdel‐Monem,

Arafa

et al. 2023

Microscopy Res & Technique

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“…Modern XPS imaging instrumentation provide the lateral resolution, surface and elemental specificity, detection limit, and surface sensitivity needed to analyze inks and their crossings, and make confident conclusions about the features observed. XPS has been used to study ink‐jet printed paper and, although not explicitly a forensic study, discrimination between inks was reported 15 . It was not until 2010 when the potential of XPS analysis for forensics was publicly identified by Watts 16 .…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…XPS has been used to study ink-jet printed paper and, although not explicitly a forensic study, discrimination between inks was reported. 15 It was not until 2010 when the potential of XPS analysis for forensics was publicly identified by Watts. 16 Since then, the technique has been used in multiple forensic fingerprint studies, 17-20 but was not yet applied in forensic analysis of inks until recently as part of a round-robin study.…”

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confidence: 99%

Deposition order and physicochemical process visualization of ink intersections using X‐ray photoelectron spectroscopy imaging for forensic analysis

Sullivan,

Pinson,

Eberhardt

et al. 2023

Surface & Interface Analysis

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The physicochemical events at ink intersections are largely understudied. Chemical imaging techniques and multivariate analyses applied to this problem thus far lack the performance characteristics to make confident conclusions about these processes. This deficiency leads to subjective and controversial deposition order determinations in forensic investigations. In this comprehensive report, 44 unique crossings involving laser toners and stamps, as well as felt‐tip, rollerball, gel, and ballpoint pen inks, were imaged with X‐ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS), using a 50‐μm X‐ray spot size and 100‐μm steps. The specificity and surface sensitivity of XPS enabled the objective visualization of the inks' chemistry upon deposition via spatial elemental distribution in‐situ. Signal intensity and atomic concentration were mapped for each element detected. Discrimination was possible in 100% of written and printed inks analyzed, and the relationship between the elemental concentration profile in each intersection was compared with the known sequence. Formation of ink layers, mixing, and separation of ink components by way of electrostatic forces were observed. Insights into the known complexity of ink intersection processes were revealed and highlight the need for understanding the chosen analytical technique's information depth and for complementary analyses to increase sequencing confidence. We also provide evidence that these processes invalidate the utility of principal component analysis for analyzing ink intersections. However, sequencing accuracy was 84% for all samples analyzed, and its success was highly dependent on the presence of physical features (i.e., thick coatings and embossed regions). In some intersection types, especially toners, the features exposed with XPS imaging enabled a sequencing accuracy of 100%.

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Graphitic Carbon Nitride as a Promising Visible‐Light‐Activated Support Boosting Platinum Nanoparticle Activity in Ethanol Electrooxidation

Brugia,

Benedet,

Rizzi

et al. 2024

ChemSusChem

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In the present work, exfoliated graphitic carbon nitride (g‐CN) is immobilized on carbon paper substrates by a simple electrophoretic route, and subsequently decorated with ultra‐low amounts (≈μg/cm2) of Pt nanoparticles (NPs) by cold plasma sputtering. Optimization of preparative conditions allowed a fine tuning of Pt NPs size, loading and distribution and thus a controlled tailoring of g‐CN/Pt interfacial interactions. Modulation of such features yielded g‐CN‐Pt‐based anode materials with appealing activity and stability towards the ethanol oxidation reaction (EOR) in alkaline aqueous solutions, as revealed by electrochemical tests both in the dark and under irradiation. The present results provide new insights on the design of nano‐engineered heterocomposites featuring improved performances thanks to Pt coupling with g‐CN, a low‐cost and environmentally friendly visible light‐active semiconductor. Overall, this work might open attractive avenues for the generation of green hydrogen via aqueous ethanol electrolysis and the photo‐promoted alcohol electrooxidation in fuel cells.

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XPS investigations of ink‐jet printed paper

Cited by 13 publications

References 40 publications

Mass production of morin‐stabilized silver nanoparticles: Characterization, antioxidant, and antimicrobial activities

Mass production of morin‐stabilized silver nanoparticles: Characterization, antioxidant, and antimicrobial activities

Deposition order and physicochemical process visualization of ink intersections using X‐ray photoelectron spectroscopy imaging for forensic analysis

Graphitic Carbon Nitride as a Promising Visible‐Light‐Activated Support Boosting Platinum Nanoparticle Activity in Ethanol Electrooxidation

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