XPNPEP2 is associated with lymph node metastasis in prostate cancer patients

Abstract

As we reported in our previous studies, TMTP1, a tumor-homing peptide, selectively targets highly metastatic tumors and their metastatic foci. Aminopeptidase P2 (XPNPEP2) is a receptor for TMTP1 tumor-homing peptide. However, the biological and clinical significance of Aminopeptidase P2 in human cancers remains unknown. In this study, the high-density multiple organ tumor tissue array was employed for the analysis of XPNPEP2 expression profiles in human specimens. The results showed that XPNPEP2 was moderately expressed in the normal prostate tissues, but significantly decreased in the prostate cancer. Hence we used TCGA, IHC, and ELISA to further analyze the expression of XPNPEP2 in tissues and serum of prostate cancer patients. In general, XPNPEP2 expression was lower in prostate cancer tissue than in normal prostate tissue, but was higher in prostate cancer tissues with local invasion and LN metastasis than in tissues with localized Pca. Western blot clarified XPNPEP2 had a secreted form in the serum. Then the serums of 128 Pca patients, 70 healthy males and 40 prostate hyperplasia patients were obtained for detecting serum XPNPEP2 levels.The results indicated that the concentration of XPNPEP2 in serums of Pca patients with LN metastasis (142.7 ± 14.40 ng/mL) were significantly higher than levels in Pca patients without LN metastasis (61.63 ± 5.50 ng/mL) ( p < 0.01). An ROC analysis revealed that the combination of PSA and XPNPEP2 was more efficient than PSA or XPNPEP2 alone for predicting LN metastasis, especially for Pca patients with low serum PSA levels. In summary, serum XPNPEP2 levels when combined with PSA levels may result in increased sensitivity for predicting LN metastasis in Pca patients, especially for patients with low serum PSA levels.

TMTP1-Modified, Tumor Microenvironment Responsive Nanoparticles Co-Deliver Cisplatin and Paclitaxel Prodrugs for Effective Cervical Cancer Therapy

“… 67 , 70 TMTP1, a tumor-targeted peptide, can identify highly metastatic tumors by binding to a possible receptor, XPNPEP2, 27 which is overexpressed on highly metastatic cancer cells and closely related to the tumor metastasis. 71 , 72 In our study, TDNP modified with TMTP1 exhibited increased cellular uptake ( Figure 3 ) in vitro and enhanced tumor accumulation in tumors ( Figure 5 ), which may be the result of the interaction of TMTP1 and XPNPEP2. In addition, the more obvious fluorescent signal in HeLa than in SiHa cells may be attributed to the greater expression of XPNPEP2 in HeLa cells.…”

Derivation, Comprehensive Analysis of Cancer-associated Fibroblasts and Their Correlation to Prognosis, Immune Status and Drug Sensitivity in Patients of Soft Tissue Sarcoma

“…Aminopeptidase P2 (XPNPEP2), a proline hydrolytic enzyme, was remarkably overexpressed in cervical cancer and associated with SiHa and HeLa cells invasion and migration via inducing epithelialmesenchymal transition 28 . Besides, XPNPEP2 was associated with lymph node metastasis and local invasion in prostate cancer patients 29 . Micro brillar-associated protein 5 (MFAP5), a part of elastic micro bers and an oncogenic protein in several kinds of cancers, is derived from CAFs.…”

Prognostic and therapeutic implication of m6A methylation in Crohn disease

“…XPNPEP2 was one of the critical genes in thyroid cancer targeted by miR-222-3p, [ 53 ] and it was associated with lymph node metastasis in prostate and cervical cancers. [ 54 , 55 ] REEP6, an accessory protein, refined CXCR1-mediated cellular responses in lung cancer. [ 56 ] Serum ACE levels in IBD patients were lower than in healthy controls, regardless of the genotype of ACE.…”