Xerostomia, Salivary Flow, and Oral Health Status Among Saudi Diabetic Patients: A Comparative Cross-Sectional Study

Al‐Maweri, Sadeq Ali; Altayyar, Manar Omar; AlQahtani, Khalil W; Bamasud, Maryam Saleh; AlGhamdi, Ohud Yanalah; Ashraf, Sajna; Eshky, Rawah; Ba-Hattab, Raidan; Kassim, Saba

doi:10.2147/ccide.s337581

Cited by 5 publications

(4 citation statements)

References 48 publications

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“…Several risk factors such as age, gender, nutrition, level of oral hygiene, smoking habits, denture usage, salivary pH, and xerostomia are associated with the susceptibility of DM patients to Candidiasis. 12,17,32,33 However, in this study not all these factors were revealed. A study by Lynne et al showed that Candida could be detected in 74.8% of 107 subjects with DM, namely 36 of 52 controlled subjects (69.23%) and 44 of 55 uncontrolled subjects (80%).…”

Section: Discussioncontrasting

confidence: 62%

Prevalence and identification of oral candida species in patients with type 2 diabetes in Yogyakarta

Agustina,

Chrisnawati,

Chrismawaty

et al. 2023

Majalah Kedokteran Gigi Indonesia

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Patients with diabetes are prone to recurring and even resistant Candidiasis, making treatment challenging. Many hypotheses proposed related to susceptibility of diabetic patients to Candida. The prevalence and species of Candida in a particular diabetic community might be different compared to other diabetic community. This study aimed to determine the prevalence of Candida colony and its species in the oral cavity of diabetic patients included in the CDM (Chronic Disease Management) program in Yogyakarta. One hundred patients with type 2 diabetes (n= 100) were recruited as the subjects of this study. The subjects were classified into controlled and uncontrolled Diabetes mellitus (DM). Samples of oral rinse solution were collected to determine the species of Candida and number of Candida colonies using CHROMagar Candida medium. There were 47 and 53 of subjects with controlled and uncontrolled DM, respectively. The mean number of Candida colony in the subjects with controlled diabetes (1003.13) was higher than that in the subjects with uncontrolled diabetes (478.43). The Candida colony most commonly identified in the subjects with controlled and uncontrolled diabetes were C. albicans and C. glabrata, respectively. Female patients had higher mean number of Candida colony (859.51) compared to male (299.21). The Candida colony most often identified in both genders was C. albicans. In addition, the subjects of this study consisted of 83 geriatric subjects and 17 non geriatric subjects, in which the mean number of Candida colony in the geriatric subjects (761.77) was higher than that in the non-geriatric subjects (545.71). The Candida colony most often identified in the geriatric subjects and non-geriatric subjects was C. albicans and C. glabrata, respectively. The Mann Whitney test demonstrated that there was a significant difference (p = 0.009) of the mean number of Candida colony between male and female. However, there was no significant difference of the mean number of Candida colony between ages (p = 0.060) and diabetic status (p=0.175). It can be concluded that the Candida species most commonly identified in all the subjects was Candida albicans with the mean colony number of 349.96, followed by C. glabrata (225.97), C. krusei (144.91), C. tropicalis (3.67), and other species (2.02).

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Section: Discussioncontrasting

confidence: 62%

Prevalence and identification of oral candida species in patients with type 2 diabetes in Yogyakarta

Agustina,

Chrisnawati,

Chrismawaty

et al. 2023

Majalah Kedokteran Gigi Indonesia

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“…This research is appropriate with the study of Al-Maweri et al,which showed there was no significant difference in xerostomia experienced by patients with controlled DM (HbA1C < 9) and uncontrolled DM (HbA1C > 9). 18 The causes there is no difference in the number of xerostomia in the two groups of respondents was controlled type 2 DM patients who consumed xerogenic drugs, such as anti-diabetic drugs, betablocker drugs (anti-hypertensive drugs), anticholinergics, and antihistamines. These drugs inhibit the action of muscarinic-3 (M3) receptors and can cause reduced salivary secretion and the occurrence of xerostomia.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The effect of xerostomia on the quality of life of controlled and uncontrolled type 2 diabetes mellitus patients

Aprista

Nelis²,

Nasia³

et al. 2023

Padjadjaran J Dent

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Introduction: One of type 2 diabetes mellitus oral manifestations is xerostomia. Xerostomia can cause various problems, such as difficulty of eating, chewing and swallowing, so that it can affect the quality of life. The aim of this research is to analyze the effect of xerostomia on the quality of life of controlled and uncontrolled type 2 diabetes mellitus patients. Methods: This analytical observational cross-sectional study involving 92 subjects from type 2 diabetes mellitus patients aged 21 to 50 years (Patients of controlled and uncontrolled type 2 diabetes mellitus 46 subjects each). Xerostomia data was collected by Summated Xerostomia Inventory-Dutch Version questionnaire, while the quality of life data was collected by Xerostomia-related Quality of Life Scale (XeQoLs) questionnaire. All research data were analyzed descriptively and bivariate analysis with Chi-Square test. Results: The results showed that the quality of life of controlled and uncontrolled type 2 diabetes mellitus patients was equally low (50% in controlled type 2 DM patients and 64.9% in uncontrolled type 2 DM patients). This result showed that there is no difference between each subject groups. This also can be seen from the results of statistical tests that p = 0.193 (p>0.05), which means that there is no significant difference between the quality of life of controlled and uncontrolled type 2 diabetes mellitus patients. Conclusion: There was no effect between xerostomia of controlled and uncontrolled type 2 DM patients with their quality of life.Keywords: type 2 diabetes mellitus, xerostomia-related to quality of life, xerostomia

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“…Xerostomia and hyposalivation can have a negative impact on the quality of life of the patient, causing situations such as stress or anxiety. In addition, a decrease in saliva flow can increase susceptibility to tooth decay or fungal infections of the mouth, so this condition should be considered critical 6 . More than a thousand drugs have been linked to xerostomia.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Correlation of Antihypertensive Drugs Ca-Antagonist Amlodipine with Xerostomia

Utami,

Medawati,

Alifiah

2024

imunity

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Xerostomia is defined as a subjective complaint of dry mouth. Interestingly, patients complaining of dry mouth often have no objective signs of decreased salivation and their symptoms vary. May be secondary to qualitative and/or quantitative factors. changes in the composition of saliva. Normal stimulated salivary flow averages 1.5-2.0 ml/min while unstimulated salivary flow is about 0, 3-0.4 ml/min. This review aimed to determine the correlation between the Ca antagonist of the antihypertensive drug (Amlodipine) and xerostomia through a literature review conducted by researchers which was used as a reference for making this literature review. Data were obtained by data collection methods related to the study being studied and analyzed descriptively. Several studies show that there are differences in prevalence between genders and xerostomia appears to increase with age. A possible explanation is that older people are at risk due to some xerogenic medications for their chronic conditions and this may cause an overall decrease in the rate of unstimulated saliva flow. Xerostomia remains a common unresolved complaint especially among the geriatric population, despite efforts for medical or dental consultation. It was concluded that Ca-Antagonist antihypertensive drugs (amlodipine) were associated with xerostomia.

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Xerostomia, Salivary Flow, and Oral Health Status Among Saudi Diabetic Patients: A Comparative Cross-Sectional Study

Cited by 5 publications

References 48 publications

Prevalence and identification of oral candida species in patients with type 2 diabetes in Yogyakarta

Prevalence and identification of oral candida species in patients with type 2 diabetes in Yogyakarta

The effect of xerostomia on the quality of life of controlled and uncontrolled type 2 diabetes mellitus patients

Correlation of Antihypertensive Drugs Ca-Antagonist Amlodipine with Xerostomia

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