Xenosteroids in aquaculture with special consideration to Lake Manzala (Northern delta lake, Egypt): Types, sources and mechanism of action

Abstract

Egyptian aquaculture production has dramatically increased in recent years and is anticipated to represent a yield of 1.8MMT in 2018. Increased demand for fish production has led to a higher intensification of aquaculture to face these challenges.However, the current aquaculture practices and restricted governmental legislation can prompt raised concerns about aquaculture pollution. The current review summarizes our knowledge concerning general Egyptian aquaculture, legislation and practices that can lead to persistent pollutant exposure in farmed finfish. Xenosteroids are critical pollutants influencing fish health, as detailed in this review, and are considered significant health hazards not only to cultured fish but also to human wellbeing, raising a public health concern. Additional research studies are warranted to better understand their public health concerns and develop strategic plans and policies to prevent these impacts and maintain fish welfare and aquaculture sustainability.

Bacterial Co-Infection as a Potential Threat to Farmed Flathead Grey Mullet (Mugil cephalus): Phenotypic and Molecular Diagnosis, Histopathology, Immunity Response, and In Vitro Antibacterial Evaluation

“…infections in diseased M. cephalus which suffered from mortalities in numerous Egyptian fish ponds during the summer season and poor water characteristics including high levels of heavy metals [6,81]. In similar studies, a sharp increase in NH 3 , water salinity, and temperature with decreased dissolved oxygen and ability to scavenge iron from iron-binding proteins are the most likely triggering factors for the spread of V. alginoticus infections in coastal areas in China [82], and also in many Egyptian coastal sites [83], including Lake Al-Manzala's fish farms [8,84]. Moreover, several reports assayed that abnormal water parameters are the pre-disposing factors for Enterococcosis in Egyptian fish farms [46,77].…”

Phytoplankton and Bacterial Dynamics Related to the Physicochemical Characteristics of Manzala Lake Water, Egypt

“…However, Manzala Lake is exposed to many challenges, including pollution, illegal aquaculture practices, and a lack of monitoring of fish farms (Zahran et al, 2021). Also, the lake has shrunk over the last few decades because of land reclamation and the conversion of its substantial portions to fish farms, notably in the southern sections.…”

Silica-Gel Incorporated Biosynthesized-Silver Nanoparticles for Sustainable Antimicrobial Treatment of Brackish Water Aquaculture

“…Lake Manzala is one of the largest and most important northern coastal lakes in Egypt and a target of many different research studies [10][11][12][13][14]. It is a valuable natural brackish water resource for the fish caught, wildlife, and the hydrologic and biologic regime.…”