Xenopus laevis FoxE1 is primarily expressed in the developing pituitary and thyroid

El‐Hodiri, Heithem M.; Seufert, Daniel W.; Nekkalapudi, Srivamsi; Prescott, Nichole; Kelly, Lisa E.; Jamrich, Milan

doi:10.1387/ijdb.052011he

Cited by 9 publications

(9 citation statements)

References 18 publications

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“…Dexamethasone (Dex) was added at late gastrula stage (stage 12-13), and expression of Dmrt5 and Dmrt4, was assayed by in situ hybridization at stage 25-26. In addition to Dmrt4 and Dmrt5, we also examined expression of the otic placode marker Hes2 (Sölter et al, 2006), the pituitary marker FoxE1 (El-Hodiri et al, 2005) and the lens marker FoxE3 (lens1) (Kenyon et al, 1999). We observed that Otx2 overexpression causes at both stages moderate ectopic expression of Dmrt5 and Dmrt4 in the epidermis (75%, n¼57 for Dmrt5 and 41%, n¼37 for Dmrt4) (Fig.…”

Section: Dmrt5 Expression Overlaps With Dmrt4 In the Developing Olfacmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Xenopus doublesex-related gene Dmrt5 is required for olfactory placode neurogenesis

Parlier

Moers

Campenhout

et al. 2013

Developmental Biology

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The Dmrt (doublesex and mab-3 related transcription factor) genes encode a large family of evolutionarily conserved transcription factors whose function in sex specific differentiation has been well studied in all animal lineages. In vertebrates, their function is not restricted to the developing gonads. For example, Xenopus Dmrt4 is essential for neurogenesis in the olfactory system. Here we have isolated and characterized Xenopus Dmrt5 and found that it is coexpressed with Dmrt4 in the developing olfactory placodes. As Dmrt4, Dmrt5 is positively regulated in the ectoderm by neural inducers and negatively by proneural factors. Both Dmrt5 and Dmrt4 genes are also activated by the combined action of the transcription factor Otx2, broadly transcribed in the head ectoderm and of Notch signaling, activated in the anterior neural ridge. As for Dmrt4, knockdown of Dmrt5 impairs neurogenesis in the embryonic olfactory system and in neuralized animal caps. Conversely, its overexpression promotes neuronal differentiation in animal caps, a property that requires the conserved C-terminal DMA and DMB domains. We also found that the sea anenome Dmrt4/5 related gene NvDmrtb also induces neurogenesis in Xenopus animal caps and that conversely, its knockdown in Nematostella reduces elav-1 positive neurons. Together, our data identify Dmrt5 as a novel important regulator of neurogenesis whose function overlaps with that of Dmrt4 during Xenopus olfactory system development. They also suggest that Dmrt may have had a role in neurogenesis in the last common ancestor of cnidarians and bilaterians.

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Section: Dmrt5 Expression Overlaps With Dmrt4 In the Developing Olfacmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Xenopus doublesex-related gene Dmrt5 is required for olfactory placode neurogenesis

Parlier

Moers

Campenhout

et al. 2013

Developmental Biology

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“…FOXE1 orthologs have additional domain expressions other than in developing thyroid. For instance, frog foxe1 is expressed both in the developing thyroid and pituitary [9]. Foxe1 of zebrafish is expressed in pharyngeal skeleton, gills and thyroid [10].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…For example, in the Xenopus embryo, foxe1 is expressed in the developing thyroid, pituitary mesoderm of brachial arches and the pharyngeal endoderm [9]. In the zebrafish embryo foxe1 is expressed in the thyroid, pharynx, and pharyngeal skeleton [10].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Accelerated evolution of 3'avian FOXE1 genes, and thyroid and feather specific expression of chicken FoxE1

et al. 2011

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BackgroundThe forkhead transcription factor gene E1 (FOXE1) plays an important role in regulation of thyroid development, palate formation and hair morphogenesis in mammals. However, avian FOXE1 genes have not been characterized and as such, codon evolution of FOXE1 orthologs in a broader evolutionary context of mammals and birds is not known.ResultsIn this study we identified the avian FOXE1 gene in chicken, turkey and zebra finch, all of which consist of a single exon. Chicken and zebra finch FOXE1 are uniquely located on the sex-determining Z chromosome. In situ hybridization shows that chicken FOXE1 is specifically expressed in the developing thyroid. Its expression is initiated at the placode stage and is maintained during the stages of vesicle formation and follicle primordia. Based on this expression pattern, we propose that avian FOXE1 may be involved in regulating the evagination and morphogenesis of thyroid. Chicken FOXE1 is also expressed in growing feathers. Sequence analysis identified two microdeletions in the avian FOXE1 genes, corresponding to the loss of a transferable repression domain and an engrailed homology motif 1 (Eh1) C-terminal to the forkhead domain. The avian FOXE1 proteins exhibit a significant sequence divergence of the C-terminus compared to those of amphibian and mammalian FOXE1. The codon evolution analysis (dN/dS) of FOXE1 shows a significantly increased dN/dS ratio in the avian lineages, consistent with either a relaxed purifying selection or positive selection on a few residues in avian FOXE1 evolution. Further site specific analysis indicates that while relaxed purifying selection is likely to be a predominant cause of accelerated evolution at the 3'-region of avian FOXE1, a few residues might have evolved under positive selection.ConclusionsWe have identified three avian FOXE1 genes based on synteny and sequence similarity as well as characterized the expression pattern of the chicken FOXE1 gene during development. Our evolutionary analyses suggest that while a relaxed purifying selection is likely to be the dominant force driving accelerated evolution of avian FOXE1 genes, a few residues may have evolved adaptively. This study provides a basis for future genetic and comparative biochemical studies of FOXE1.

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“…Whole-mount ISH was performed as previously described [19]. Digoxygenin (DIG)- labeled antisense RNA probes (Roche Diagnostics, Indianapolis, IN) were synthesized using template cDNA encoding Anos1, Snai2 [20], Sox10 [21], Sox2 [22], Six1 [23], Foxi4.1 [24], Dmrta1 [25], Pax8 [26], Emx2 [27], Ebf2 [28] and Foxe1 [29]. …”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Anosmin-1 is essential for neural crest and cranial placodes formation in Xenopus

Bae

Hong

Saint-Jeannet

2018

Biochemical and Biophysical Research Communications

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During embryogenesis vertebrates develop a complex craniofacial skeleton associated with sensory organs. These structures are primarily derived from two embryonic cell populations the neural crest and cranial placodes, respectively. Neural crest cells and cranial placodes are specified through the integrated action of several families of signaling molecules, and the subsequent activation of a complex network of transcription factors. Here we describe the expression and function of Anosmin-1 (Anos1), an extracellular matrix protein, during neural crest and cranial placodes development in Xenopus laevis. Anos1 was identified as a target of Pax3 and Zic1, two transcription factors necessary and sufficient to generate neural crest and cranial placodes. Anos1 is expressed in cranial neural crest progenitors at early neurula stage and in cranial placode derivatives later in development. We show that Anos1 function is required for neural crest and sensory organs development in Xenopus, consistent with the defects observed in Kallmann syndrome patients carrying a mutation in ANOS1. These findings indicate that anos1 has a conserved function in the development of craniofacial structures, and indicate that anos1-depleted Xenopus embryos represent a useful model to analyze the pathogenesis of Kallmann syndrome.

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Xenopus laevis FoxE1 is primarily expressed in the developing pituitary and thyroid

Cited by 9 publications

References 18 publications

The Xenopus doublesex-related gene Dmrt5 is required for olfactory placode neurogenesis

The Xenopus doublesex-related gene Dmrt5 is required for olfactory placode neurogenesis

Accelerated evolution of 3'avian FOXE1 genes, and thyroid and feather specific expression of chicken FoxE1

Anosmin-1 is essential for neural crest and cranial placodes formation in Xenopus

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