Xenophobia on the Rise? Temporal and Regional Trends in Xenophobic Attitudes in Russia

Chapman, Hannah S.; Marquardt, Kyle L.; Herrera, Yoshiko M.; Gerber, Theodore P.

doi:10.5129/001041518822704944

Cited by 17 publications

(10 citation statements)

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“…Xenophobia is derived from the Greek words "xenos" meaning "foreigner" or "stranger" and "phobos" meaning "fear." Xenophobia is conceived as a socio-historical mode of intolerance and an emotional, attitudinal and behavioral prejudice toward immigrants or those considered as foreigners (Chapman et al, 2018;Van der Veer et al, 2011).…”

Section: Conceptual Construct Of Xenophobiamentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Hence it is possible that the various environmental and economic factors which are more unique to the construction industry may influence construction projects differently in contrast to projects in other industries and/or geographic regions. Therefore, the findings of this structural equation model need to be cross-validated across different industries and especially in those countries where xenophobia has been reported to rise recently (Chapman et al, 2018;McCorkle, 2018). A multi-dimensional analysis of PS (Zaman et al, 2019) in the construction industry could provide more deeper understanding on how various factors (such as xenophobia, TFL and HPWP) may affect the multidimensional criteria's of construction PS.…”

Section: Limitations and Future Researchmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Examining the effect of xenophobia on “transnational” mega construction project (MCP) success

Zaman

2020

ECAM

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Purpose The purpose of this paper is to argue that modern-day xenophobia has emerged as one of the high-risk factors for transnational mega construction projects (MCP’s). While research in transnational MCP’s remains surprisingly under-explored, this study aimed to examine how transformational leadership (TFL) and HPW practices can still achieve MCP success despite the rise of xenophobia in the global construction industry. Design/methodology/approach This study examined survey-based sample evidence from 220 respondents including project team members (operational, quality and technical), project stakeholders (e.g. regulatory authority, subcontractors, functional managers, etc.) and project clients/sponsors. Partial least squares structural equation modeling (PLS-SEM) technique was employed to test the theoretical hypotheses and to highlight significance of a holistic and novel framework of MCP success. Findings This study’s core finding unveiled a significantly negative effect of xenophobia on MCP success (ß=−0.389, t=5.574, p<0.000). Interestingly, PLS-SEM results also showed a significantly negative effect of TFL on MCP success (ß=−0.172, t=2.323, p<0.018), whereas HPW practices demonstrated a significantly positive effect on MCP success (ß=0.633, t=9.558, p<0.000). In addition, xenophobia and MCP success relationship were positively moderated by TFL (ß=0.214, t=2.364, p<0.018) and HPW practices (ß=0.295, t=3.119, p<0.002), respectively. Research limitations/implications This study underscores the importance of TFL and HPW practices in explaining the linkage between xenophobia and MCP success. Besides advancement of broader multi-disciplinary research and cross-pollination of research ideas, this study also offers unique research direction to explore the potential impact of TFL and HPW practices in demographically diverse project settings especially in countries where xenophobia has swiftly become inevitable. Practical implications As many countries undertake MCP’s with national pride and high strategic importance, this study provides an exemplary model of transnational MCP success. This study shows that conscious use of TFL and HPW practices could guard against escalating xenophobia in the global construction industry. Originality/value This study is first to provide an empirically grounded model of MCP success that collectively examines the role of xenophobia, TFL and HPW practices. This research has developed practical references for transnational construction companies in strategic planning and management of MCP’s.

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Section: Conceptual Construct Of Xenophobiamentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Limitations and Future Researchmentioning

confidence: 99%

Examining the effect of xenophobia on “transnational” mega construction project (MCP) success

Zaman

2020

ECAM

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“…Ethnic Russians are on average more negative about immigrants than ethnic minorities (Gorodzeisky and Glikman, 2017), and the opposition towards immigration is often based on racial prejudice (Gorodzeisky, 2019). There is little evidence of a strong trend towards increasing or decreasing xenophobia between 1996 and 2012 (Chapman et al, 2018). In this article, we complement the survey evidence presented in this literature with experimental results.…”

Section: The Russian Contextmentioning

confidence: 81%

Ethnic Discrimination in Multi-ethnic Societies: Evidence from Russia

Alexey¹,

Andrey²

2018

Preprint

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Field experiments have provided ample evidence of ethnic and racial discrimination in the labour market. Less is known about how discrimination varies in multi-ethnic societies, where the ethnic composition of populations is different across locations. Inter-group contact and institutional arrangements for ethnic minorities can mitigate the sense of group threat and reduce discrimination. To provide empirical evidence of this, we conduct a field experiment of ethnic discrimination in Russia with a sample of over 9,000 job applications. We compare ethnically homogeneous cities and cities with ethnically mixed populations and privileged institutional status of ethnic minorities. We find strong discrimination against visible minorities in the former but much weaker discrimination in the latter. These findings demonstrate how institutions and historical contexts of inter-group relations can affect ethnic prejudice and discrimination.

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“…Numerous citizen formations establish thematic vigilante forces which target fellow citizens over alleged and perceived offences, such as bad parking, drinking, and smoking in public spaces, paedophilia (an accusation to which sexual minorities often fall target), drug dealing, and other "violations" of legal and moral boundaries. In some instances, no action is needed to attract the retaliation of vigilantes; simply being female (Avramov, 2019) or an ethnic minority (Chapman et al, 2018) is sufficient. In these realities of instrumentalisation of perceptions of morality for control of social order, Hrushi Protiv fulfil the function of an extension of the state, rather than being a collective of autonomous citizens.…”

Section: Problematizationmentioning

confidence: 99%

Media Control and Citizen-Critical Publics in Russia: Are Some “Pigs” More Equal Than Others?

Gabdulhakov

2021

MaC

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Amid the intensification of state control over the digital domain in Russia, what types of online activism are tolerated or even endorsed by the government and why? While entities such as the Anti-Corruption Foundation exposing the state are silenced through various tactics such as content blocking and removal, labelling the foundation a “foreign agent,” and deeming it “extremist,” other formations of citizens using digital media to expose “offences” performed by fellow citizens are operating freely. This article focuses on a vigilante group targeting “unscrupulous” merchants (often ethnic minorities and labour migrants) for the alleged sale of expired produce—the Hrushi Protiv. Supported by the government, Hrushi Protiv participants survey grocery chain stores and open-air markets for expired produce, a practice that often escalates into violence, while the process is filmed and edited to be uploaded to YouTube. These videos constitute unique media products that entertain the audience, ensuring the longevity of punitive measures via public exposure and shaming. Relying on Litvinenko and Toepfl’s (2019) application of Toepfl’s (2020) “leadership-critical,” “policy-critical,” and “uncritical” publics theory in the context of Russia, this article proposes a new category to describe state-approved digital vigilantes—citizen-critical publics. A collaboration with such publics allows the state to demonstrate a façade of civil society activism amid its silencing; while state-approved participants gain financial rewards and fame. Through Foucauldian discourse analysis, the article reveals that vulnerable groups such as labour migrants and ethnic minorities could fall victim to the side effects of this collaboration.

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Xenophobia on the Rise? Temporal and Regional Trends in Xenophobic Attitudes in Russia

Cited by 17 publications

References 0 publications

Examining the effect of xenophobia on “transnational” mega construction project (MCP) success

Examining the effect of xenophobia on “transnational” mega construction project (MCP) success

Ethnic Discrimination in Multi-ethnic Societies: Evidence from Russia

Media Control and Citizen-Critical Publics in Russia: Are Some “Pigs” More Equal Than Others?

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