Xenon GPSC high-pressure operation with large-area avalanche photodiode readout

Coelho, L.; Lopes, J. A. M.; Covita, D. S.; Conceição, A.S.; Santos, J.M.F. dos

doi:10.1016/j.nima.2007.02.111

Cited by 14 publications

(7 citation statements)

References 20 publications

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“…This will be a drawback in the use of this MM for the tracking plane for it will degrade the energy resolution of the TPC, which should be optimized to the best possibly achievable. The results also show the energy resolution obtained for the charge readout in the MM is worse than that obtained for the readout of the scintillation produced in an uniform field gap, without the presence of charge multiplication, either using a PMT or a LAAPD, which may present resolutions below 6% at 10 bar, for 22.1 keV X-rays [29]. This observation, in favour of scintillation read-out, should be taken into account for the design of the read-out plane of NEXT TPC.…”

Section: Summary and Discussionmentioning

confidence: 80%

Micromegas operation in high pressure xenon: charge and scintillation readout

Bălan¹,

Freitas²,

Papaevangelou³

et al. 2011

J. Inst.

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The operational characteristics of a Micromegas operating in pure xenon at the pressure range of 1 to 10 bar are investigated. The maximum charge gain achieved in each pressure is approximately constant, around 4 x 10 2 , for xenon pressures up to 5 bar and decreasing slowly above this pressure down to values somewhat above 10 2 at 10 bar.The MM presents the highest gains for xenon pressures above 4 bar, when compared to other micropattern gaseous multipliers. The lowest energy resolution obtained for Xrays of 22.1 keV exhibits a steady increase with pressure, from 12% at 1bar to about 32% at 10 bar. The effective scintillation yield, defined as the number of photons exiting through the MM mesh holes per primary electron produced in the conversion region was calculated. This yield is about 2x10 2 photons per primary electron at 1 bar, increasing to about 6x10 2 at 5 bar and, then, decreasing again to 2x10 2 at 10 bar. The readout of this scintillation by a suitable photosensor will result in higher gains but with increased statistical fluctuations. IntroductionThe "NEXT -Neutrino Experiment with a Xenon TPC" collaboration proposes a new concept for neutrino-less double-beta decay search, based on a Time Projection Chamber (TPC) filled with high pressure gaseous Xenon (100 kg at 10 bar and room temperature operation) [1]. The TPC could be based on Electroluminescence for signal amplification, with excellent energy resolution and tracking capabilities.The noble gas (Xe) has two important functions, as source and detector, both acting simultaneously. Xenon is the only one, among the noble gases, that has a ββ decaying isotope, 136 Xe, and whose natural abundance is rather high, 9%, which can be enriched by centrifugation at a reasonable cost. There are no other long-lived radioactive isotopes and the Q ββ value, 2480 keV, is acceptably high. In addition, xenon can be easily re-circulated and continuously purified through getters.The TPC energy resolution is essential not only to reduce the tail of the 2νββ spectrum from overlapping the region of interest of the 0νββ spectrum, but also to prevent the contamination of the region of interest by the most severe background from 2.6 MeV gamma rays from 206 Tl and 2.4 MeV gamma rays from 214 Bi. On the other hand, the tracking capability aims to further reduce external backgrounds by identifying the unique topological signature of the 0νββ events, double electron track, in opposition to a single electron track resulting from gamma interactions. The optimization of these two features is crucial for such experiment with very low event rates and high background levels.The proposed detector design, called SOFT approach, is based on a specific readout for both tracking and energy measurement [2]. Primary ionization signals are amplified by means of electroluminescence amplification in a confined region of the TPC, the scintillation region. Electroluminescence photons emitted towards the hemisphere of the anode can be used for tracking, while photons emitted in the opposite dire...

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Section: Summary and Discussionmentioning

confidence: 80%

Micromegas operation in high pressure xenon: charge and scintillation readout

Bălan¹,

Freitas²,

Papaevangelou³

et al. 2011

J. Inst.

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“…Avalanche photo diodes (APDs) have proven to be a good alternative to photomultiplier tubes (PMTs) in visible and VUV photon detection [1,2]. They are compact, consume small amounts of power and are simple to operate.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Characterization of the Hamamatsu S8664 avalanche photodiode for X-ray and VUV-light detection

Lux

Freitas

Amaro

et al. 2012

Nuclear Instruments and Methods in Physics Research Section A:

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“…Compton cameras. The use of APDs for the readout of EL chambers were already studied intensively by a research group at the University of Coimbra [3]. Their results (fig.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

A Multi-APD readout for EL detectors

Lux

Ballester

Illa

et al. 2011

J. Phys.: Conf. Ser.

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Detectors with an electroluminesence readout show an excellence performance in respect of energy resolution making them interesting for various applications as X-ray detection, double beta and dark matter experiments, Compton and γ cameras, etc. In the following the study of a readout based on avalanche photo diodes to detect directly the VUV photons is presented. Results of measurements with 5 APDs in xenon at pressures between 1 and 1.65 bar are shown indicating that such a readout can provide excellent energy and a moderate position resolution.

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Xenon GPSC high-pressure operation with large-area avalanche photodiode readout

Cited by 14 publications

References 20 publications

Micromegas operation in high pressure xenon: charge and scintillation readout

Micromegas operation in high pressure xenon: charge and scintillation readout

Characterization of the Hamamatsu S8664 avalanche photodiode for X-ray and VUV-light detection

A Multi-APD readout for EL detectors

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